{"id":122,"date":"2021-12-13T19:46:42","date_gmt":"2021-12-13T11:46:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/?p=122"},"modified":"2023-03-28T16:27:45","modified_gmt":"2023-03-28T08:27:45","slug":"linux_makefile","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2021\/12\/13\/linux_makefile\/","title":{"rendered":"linux_makefile_cmake"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-light-pink-background-color has-background\"><a href=\"https:\/\/seisman.github.io\/how-to-write-makefile\"><strong><em>https:\/\/seisman.github.io\/how-to-write-makefile<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-light-gray-background-color has-background\"><strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/cmake.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/cmake.org\/<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>Makefile:\u89c4\u5b9a\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219 make\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2agcc\/g++\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u7f16\u8bd1\uff08compile\uff09\uff1b\u5148\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5148\u7f16\u8bd1\u90a3\u4e2a\uff08\u5373\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u5b89\u6392\uff09\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u6784\u5efa\uff08build\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Make\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8bde\u751f\u4e8e1977\u5e74\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8eC\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a \uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u53ea\u8981\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6709\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528Make\u6784\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>make\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a<strong>makefile\u7684<\/strong>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u544a\u8bc9make\u547d\u4ee4\u9700\u8981\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u53bb\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"363\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-19-1024x363.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14853\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-19-1024x363.png 1024w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-19-300x106.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-19-768x272.png 768w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/image-19.png 1203w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-dark-purple-color has-bright-blue-background-color has-text-color has-background\">  <strong>      CMake\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6bd4make\u66f4\u4e3a\u9ad8\u7ea7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u8981\u65b9\u4fbf\u5f97\u591a\u3002CMake\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7f16\u5199CMakeLists.txt\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528cmake\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06CMakeLists.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3amake\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684makefile\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7528make\u547d\u4ee4\u7f16\u8bd1\u6e90\u7801\u751f\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\uff08so(shared object)\uff09.\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u548cqt\u7684qmake\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-yellow-background-color has-background\"><strong>CMake \u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>         GNU Make \uff0cQT \u7684 qmake \uff0c\u5fae\u8f6f\u7684 MS nmake\uff0cBSD Make\uff08pmake\uff09\uff0cMakepp\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b Make \u5de5\u5177\u9075\u5faa\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6240\u6267\u884c\u7684 Makefile \u683c\u5f0f\u4e5f\u5343\u5dee\u4e07\u522b\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u5cfb\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u60f3\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e73\u53f0\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002\u800c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u7684 Make \u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u6807\u51c6\u5199\u4e00\u6b21 Makefile \uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u8ba9\u4eba\u6293\u72c2\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<strong><em>CMake \u5c31\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0a\u9762\u95ee\u9898\u6240\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff1a\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u79cd\u5e73\u53f0\u65e0\u5173\u7684 CMakeList.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9a\u5236\u6574\u4e2a\u7f16\u8bd1\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u6807\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u751f\u6210\u6240\u9700\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5316 Makefile \u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6<\/em><\/strong>\uff0c\u5982 Unix \u7684 Makefile \u6216 Windows \u7684 Visual Studio \u5de5\u7a0b\u3002\u4ece\u800c\u505a\u5230\u201cWrite once, run everywhere\u201d\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0cCMake \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4e0a\u8ff0\u51e0\u79cd make \u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u914d\u7f6e\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f7f\u7528 CMake \u4f5c\u4e3a\u9879\u76ee\u67b6\u6784\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u77e5\u540d\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u6709 VTK\u3001ITK\u3001KDE\u3001OpenCV\u3001OSG \u7b49\u3002\u5728 linux \u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528 CMake \u751f\u6210 Makefile \u5e76\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>\u5199 CMake \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 CMakeLists.txt \u3002<\/li><li>\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4&nbsp;<code>cmake PATH<\/code>&nbsp;\u6216\u8005&nbsp;<code>ccmake PATH<\/code>&nbsp;\u751f\u6210 Makefile\uff08<code>ccmake<\/code>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<code>cmake<\/code>&nbsp;\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u524d\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u7684\u754c\u9762\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c&nbsp;<code>PATH<\/code>&nbsp;\u662f CMakeLists.txt \u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/li><li>\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<code>make<\/code>&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u91cd\u70b9\uff1agcc\u548cmake\u533a\u522b<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>gcc\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668 \u800cmake\u4e0d\u662f make\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eMakefile\u6765\u7f16\u8bd1\u591a\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5de5\u5177 \u5728Makefile\u91cc\u540c\u6837\u662f\u7528gcc(\u6216\u8005\u522b\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668)\u6765\u7f16\u8bd1\u7a0b\u5e8f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>gcc\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cmake\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u591a\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<br>\nmake\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u91camakefile\u4e2d\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>make\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2agcc\/g++\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3aMakefile\u6216\u8005makefile\uff09\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u7ec4\u4ee5gcc\/g++\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684shell\u547d\u4ee4\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<br>\n<strong>gcc\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\uff1b<\/strong><br>\n<strong>make\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u5148\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u540e\u7f16\u8bd1\uff1b<\/strong>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4make\u662f\u8c03\u7528gcc\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>Makefile\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u89c4\u5219<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5>commmond\u6bcf\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2atab\u952e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u952e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf.RECIPEPREFIX\u58f0\u660e\u3002<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/seisman.github.io\/how-to-write-makefile\/introduction.html\">makefile\u6559\u7a0b<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ruanyifeng.com\/blog\/2015\/02\/make.html\">makefile\u6559\u7a0b<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u7f16\u5199 Makefile\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\ntarget ... : prerequisites ...\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>[tab]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>command\n    &#8230;\n    &#8230;\n\u6216\u8005\uff1a\ntargets : prerequisites ; command\n    command\n    &#8230;\n\u6267\u884c\uff1amake \u76ee\u6807target\u540d\ntarget\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aobject file\uff08\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\uff08label\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6807\u7b7e\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u201c\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807\u201d\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6709\u53d9\u8ff0\u3002\nprerequisites\n\u751f\u6210\u8be5target\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\/\u6216target\ncommand\uff08\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff09\u6bcf\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2atab\u952e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u952e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf.RECIPEPREFIX\u58f0\u660e\u3002\n\u8be5target\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u4efb\u610f\u7684shell\u547d\u4ee4\uff09\n\ncommand\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4e0d\u4e0e\u201ctarget:prerequisites\u201d\u5728\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5 Tab \u952e\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u548cprerequisites\u5728\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5206\u53f7\u505a\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u3002\uff08\u89c1\u4e0a\uff09\n\nprerequisites\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6216\u4f9d\u8d56\u76ee\u6807\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8981\u6bd4\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u8981\u65b0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u5c31\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5728\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bb2\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002\n\n\u5982\u679c\u547d\u4ee4\u592a\u957f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u659c\u6760\uff08 \\ \uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002make\u5bf9\u4e00\u884c\u4e0a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u6ca1\u6709\u9650\u5236\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u544a\u8bc9make\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\n\n\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cmake\u4f1a\u4ee5UNIX\u7684\u6807\u51c6Shell\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f \/bin\/sh \u6765\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Makefile\u7684\u6587\u4ef6:\na.txt: b.txt c.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>[tab]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>cat b.txt c.txt &gt; a.txt\n\n\u6784\u5efa\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\n$ make a.txt\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff08target\uff09\u5c31\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u6307\u660eMake\u547d\u4ee4\u6240\u8981\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0a\u6587\u7684 a.txt \u3002\u76ee\u6807\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd9\u79f0\u4e3a&#8221;\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807&#8221;\uff08phony target\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>clean:\n      rm *.o\n\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662fclean\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\"\u4f2a\u76ee\u6807 \"\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5220\u9664\u5bf9\u8c61\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\n$ make  clean<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e95\u53f7\uff08#\uff09\u5728Makefile\u4e2d\u8868\u793a\u6ce8\u91ca<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>make\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2amakefile\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u544a\u8bc9make\u547d\u4ee4\u9700\u8981\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u53bb\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\u660emakefile\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u4e2a\u611f\u6027\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u6e90\u4e8egnu \u7684make\u4f7f\u7528\u624b\u518c\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u67098\u4e2ac\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u548c3\u4e2a\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5199\u4e00\u4e2amakefile\u6765\u544a\u8bc9make\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4f55\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6240\u6709c\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u8981\u7f16\u8bd1\u5e76\u88ab\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<br>\n\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u67d0\u51e0\u4e2ac\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u7f16\u8bd1\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u94fe\u63a5\u76ee\u6807\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<br>\n\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8bd1\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u7684c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u94fe\u63a5\u76ee\u6807\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<br>\n\u53ea\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u7684makefile\u5199\u5f97\u591f\u597d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u7528\u4e00\u4e2amake\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\uff0cmake\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u667a\u80fd\u5730\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u8bd1\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u76ee\u6807\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>edit : main.o kbd.o command.o display.o \\\n        insert.o search.o files.o utils.o\n    cc -o edit main.o kbd.o command.o display.o \\\n        insert.o search.o files.o utils.o\n\nmain.o : main.c defs.h\n    cc -c main.c\nkbd.o : kbd.c defs.h command.h\n    cc -c kbd.c\ncommand.o : command.c defs.h command.h\n    cc -c command.c\ndisplay.o : display.c defs.h buffer.h\n    cc -c display.c\ninsert.o : insert.c defs.h buffer.h\n    cc -c insert.c\nsearch.o : search.c defs.h buffer.h\n    cc -c search.c\nfiles.o : files.c defs.h buffer.h command.h\n    cc -c files.c\nutils.o : utils.c defs.h\n    cc -c utils.c\nclean :\n    rm edit main.o kbd.o command.o display.o \\\n        insert.o search.o files.o utils.o<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53cd\u659c\u6760\uff08 \\ \uff09\u662f\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fbf\u4e8emakefile\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u540d\u5b57\u4e3a\u201cmakefile\u201d\u6216\u201cMakefile\u201d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4 make \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6edit\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5220\u9664\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e0b make clean \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2amakefile\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff08target\uff09\u5305\u542b\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6edit\u548c\u4e2d\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff08 *.o \uff09\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\uff08prerequisites\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u5192\u53f7\u540e\u9762\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b .c \u6587\u4ef6\u548c .h \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a .o \u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u7ec4\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b .o \u6587\u4ef6\u53c8\u662f\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6 edit \u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u7531\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u540e\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a Tab \u952e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u5934\u3002\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0cmake\u5e76\u4e0d\u7ba1\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ea\u7ba1\u6267\u884c\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002make\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83targets\u6587\u4ef6\u548cprerequisites\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u5982\u679cprerequisites\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u8981\u6bd4targets\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u8981\u65b0\uff0c\u6216\u8005target\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cmake\u5c31\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u70b9\u7684\u662f\uff0c clean \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u4f5c\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u6709\u70b9\u50cfc\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684label\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5176\u5192\u53f7\u540e\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cmake\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb\u627e\u5b83\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u5176\u540e\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8981\u6267\u884c\u5176\u540e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5728make\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u660e\u663e\u5f97\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2alabel\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2amakefile\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u6216\u662f\u548c\u7f16\u8bd1\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6253\u5305\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u56de\u58f0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cmake\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u6bcf\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u56de\u58f0\uff08echoing\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>test:\n    # \u8fd9\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\n\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\n\n\n$ make test\n# \u8fd9\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d \u901a\u914d\u7b26%<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Make\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6b63\u5219\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u5230\u7684\u5339\u914d\u7b26\u662f <code>%<\/code>\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u5b9a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6709 f1.c \u548c f2.c \u4e24\u4e2a\u6e90\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>%.o: %.c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>f1.o: f1.c\nf2.o: f2.c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u5339\u914d\u7b26%\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5927\u91cf\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ea\u7528\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u6784\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u901a\u914d\u7b26<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff08wildcard\uff09\u7528\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002Makefile \u7684\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u4e0e Bash \u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u661f\u53f7\uff08*\uff09\u3001\u95ee\u53f7\uff08\uff1f\uff09\u548c [\u2026] \u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c *.o \u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u540e\u7f00\u540d\u4e3ao\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>clean:\n        rm -f *.o<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u53d8\u91cf \u53d8\u91cf\u9700\u8981\u653e\u5728 $( )<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Makefile \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u7b49\u53f7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>txt = Hello World\ntest:\n    @echo $(txt)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf txt \u7b49\u4e8e Hello World\u3002\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u9700\u8981\u653e\u5728 $( ) \u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8c03\u7528Shell\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7f8e\u5143\u7b26\u53f7\u524d\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f8e\u5143\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aMake\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7f8e\u5143\u7b26\u53f7\u8f6c\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u6307\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>v1 = $(v2)\n\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf v1 \u7684\u503c\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf v2\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0cv1 \u7684\u503c\u5230\u5e95\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u6269\u5c55\uff08\u9759\u6001\u6269\u5c55\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6269\u5c55\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u6269\u5c55\uff09\uff1f\u5982\u679c v2 \u7684\u503c\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u6269\u5c55\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5dee\u5f02\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u7c7b\u4f3c\u95ee\u9898\uff0cMakefile\u4e00\u5171\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u8d4b\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26 \uff08=\u3001:=\u3001\uff1f=\u3001+=\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u533a\u522b\u8bf7\u770bStackOverflow\n\n\nVARIABLE = value\n# \u5728\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u9012\u5f52\u6269\u5c55\u3002\n\nVARIABLE := value\n# \u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u6269\u5c55\u3002\n\nVARIABLE ?= value\n# \u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6\u624d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u503c\u3002\n\nVARIABLE += value\n# \u5c06\u503c\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5c3e\u7aef\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\uff08Implicit Variables\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Make\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c$(CC) \u6307\u5411\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff0c$(MAKE) \u6307\u5411\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684Make\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u6e05\u5355\u89c1\u624b\u518c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>output:\n    $(CC) -o output input.c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u91cf\uff08Automatic Variables\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Make\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u503c\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u89c4\u5219\u6709\u5173\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\uff081\uff09$@\n$@\u6307\u4ee3\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5c31\u662fMake\u547d\u4ee4\u5f53\u524d\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0cmake foo\u7684 $@ \u5c31\u6307\u4ee3foo\u3002\n.txt b.txt: \n    touch $@\n\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u3002\na.txt:\n    touch a.txt\nb.txt:\n    touch b.txt\n\uff082\uff09$&lt;\n\n$&lt; \u6307\u4ee3\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a t: p1 p2\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48$&lt; \u5c31\u6307\u4ee3p1\u3002\na.txt: b.txt c.txt\n    cp $&lt; $@\n\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u3002\na.txt: b.txt c.txt\n    cp b.txt a.txt  \n\uff083\uff09$?\n\n$? \u6307\u4ee3\u6bd4\u76ee\u6807\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u524d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a t: p1 p2\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d p2 \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u6bd4 t \u65b0\uff0c$?\u5c31\u6307\u4ee3p2\u3002\n\n\uff084\uff09$^\n\n$^ \u6307\u4ee3\u6240\u6709\u524d\u7f6e\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a t: p1 p2\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 $^ \u5c31\u6307\u4ee3 p1 p2 \u3002\n\n\uff085\uff09$*\n\n$* \u6307\u4ee3\u5339\u914d\u7b26 % \u5339\u914d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c \u6bd4\u5982% \u5339\u914d f1.txt \u4e2d\u7684f1 \uff0c$* \u5c31\u8868\u793a f1\u3002\n\n\uff086\uff09$(@D) \u548c $(@F)\n\n$(@D) \u548c $(@F) \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411 $@ \u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c$@\u662f src\/input.c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48$(@D) \u7684\u503c\u4e3a src \uff0c$(@F) \u7684\u503c\u4e3a input.c\u3002\n\uff087\uff09$(&lt;D) \u548c $(&lt;F)\n\n$(&lt;D) \u548c $(&lt;F) \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411 $&lt; \u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002\n\n\u6240\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u91cf\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u8bf7\u770b\u624b\u518c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\ndest\/%.txt: src\/%.txt\n    @&#91; -d dest ] || mkdir dest\n    cp $&lt; $@\n\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06 src \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 txt \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230 dest \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u9996\u5148\u5224\u65ad dest \u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u65b0\u5efa\uff0c\u7136\u540e\uff0c$&lt; \u6307\u4ee3\u524d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08src\/%.txt\uff09\uff0c $@ \u6307\u4ee3\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff08dest\/%.txt\uff09\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u5faa\u73af<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Makefile\u4f7f\u7528 Bash \u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ifeq ($(CC),gcc)\n  libs=$(libs_for_gcc)\nelse\n  libs=$(normal_libs)\nendif\n\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u662f\u5426 gcc \uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\n\n\uff081\uff09shell \u51fd\u6570\n\nshell \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u6765\u6267\u884c shell \u547d\u4ee4\n\nsrcfiles := $(shell echo src\/{00..99}.txt)\n\uff082\uff09wildcard \u51fd\u6570\n\nwildcard \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u6765\u5728 Makefile \u4e2d\uff0c\u66ff\u6362 Bash \u7684\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u3002\n\nsrcfiles := $(wildcard src\/*.txt)\n\uff083\uff09subst \u51fd\u6570\n\nsubst \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u6765\u6587\u672c\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\u3002\n\n$(subst from,to,text)\n\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\"feet on the street\"\u66ff\u6362\u6210\"fEEt on the strEEt\"\u3002\n\n$(subst ee,EE,feet on the street)\n\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0d\u5fae\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\n\ncomma:= ,\nempty:=\n# space\u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u7a7a\u53d8\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\nspace:= $(empty) $(empty)\nfoo:= a b c\nbar:= $(subst $(space),$(comma),$(foo))\n# bar is now `a,b,c'.\n\uff084\uff09patsubst\u51fd\u6570\n\npatsubst \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\u3002\n\n$(patsubst pattern,replacement,text)\n\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\"x.c.c bar.c\"\uff0c\u66ff\u6362\u6210\"x.c.o bar.o\"\u3002\n\n\n$(patsubst %.c,%.o,x.c.c bar.c)\n\uff085\uff09\u66ff\u6362\u540e\u7f00\u540d\n\n\u66ff\u6362\u540e\u7f00\u540d\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u53d8\u91cf\u540d + \u5192\u53f7 + \u540e\u7f00\u540d\u66ff\u6362\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5b83\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0apatsubst\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\n\nmin: $(OUTPUT:.js=.min.js)\n\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u5c06\u53d8\u91cfOUTPUT\u4e2d\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u540d .js \u5168\u90e8\u66ff\u6362\u6210 .min.js \u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Makefile \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$(function arguments)\n# \u6216\u8005\n${function arguments}\nMakefile\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4f9b\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0bMakefile\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff1a\uff01\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4>1.\u6709\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u5740\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/seisman.github.io\/how-to-write-makefile\/conditionals.html\">https:\/\/seisman.github.io\/how-to-write-makefile\/conditionals.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>2.\u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff1a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5171\u6709func.h\u3001func.c\u3001main.c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cMakefile\u5199\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>makefile\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\n##-wall \u4f7fgcc\u5bf9\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u53d1\u51fa\u8b66\u544a\nCC = gcc\nCFLAGS = -g -Wall\n\nmain:main.o func.o\n    $(CC)  main.o func.o -o main\nmain.o:main.c\n    $(CC) $(CFLAGS)  -c main.c -o main.o\nfunc.o:func.c\n    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c func.c -o func.o\nclean:\n    rm -rf *.o<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>make \u76ee\u6807<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4>3\u3001\u901a\u7528\u6a21\u677f<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5b9e\u9645\u5f53\u4e2d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u4ef6\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u6309\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u653e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u7684Makefile\u9700\u8981\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5230\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># innclude\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a.h\u5934\u6587\u4ef6 \n# src\uff1a .c\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\n# obj:  \u751f\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6main\n# bin\uff1a .o\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\nDIR_INC = .\/include  \nDIR_SRC = .\/src\nDIR_OBJ = .\/obj\nDIR_BIN = .\/bin\n\nSRC = $(wildcard ${DIR_SRC}\/*.c)\nOBJ = $(patsubst %.c,${DIR_OBJ}\/%.o,$(notdir ${SRC}))\n\nTARGET = main\n\nBIN_TARGET = ${DIR_BIN}\/${TARGET}\n\nCC = gcc\nCFLAGS = -g -Wall -I${DIR_INC}\n\n${BIN_TARGET}:${OBJ}\n    $(CC) $(OBJ)  -o $@\n\n${DIR_OBJ}\/%.o:${DIR_SRC}\/%.c\n    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c  $&lt; -o $@\n.PHONY:clean\nclean:\n    find ${DIR_OBJ} -name *.o -exec rm -rf {}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u89e3\u91ca\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09Makefile\u4e2d\u7684 \u7b26\u53f7 $@, $^, $&lt; \u7684\u610f\u601d\uff1a<br>\n\u3000\u3000$@  \u8868\u793a\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<br>\n\u3000\u3000$^  \u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6<br>\n\u3000\u3000$&lt;  \u8868\u793a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6<br>\n\u3000\u3000$?  \u8868\u793a\u6bd4\u76ee\u6807\u8fd8\u8981\u65b0\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09wildcard\u3001notdir\u3001patsubst\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000wildcard : \u6269\u5c55\u901a\u914d\u7b26<br>\n\u3000\u3000notdir \uff1a \u53bb\u9664\u8def\u5f84<br>\n\u3000\u3000patsubst \uff1a\u66ff\u6362\u901a\u914d\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SRC = $(wildcard *.c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b49\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709.c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u6709\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3ainc\uff0c\u5219\u518d\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2awildcard\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8c61\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SRC = $(wildcard <em>.c) $(wildcard inc\/<\/em>.c)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09gcc -I -L -l\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   gcc -o hello hello.c -I \/home\/hello\/include -L \/home\/hello\/lib -lworld\n\n   \u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u53e5\u8868\u793a\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1hello.c\u65f6-I \/home\/hello\/include\u8868\u793a\u5c06\/home\/hello\/include\u76ee\u5f55\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bfb\u627e\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000 \u5bfb\u627e\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\uff1a\/home\/hello\/include&#8211;&gt;\/usr\/include&#8211;&gt;\/usr\/local\/include<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000-L \/home\/hello\/lib\u8868\u793a\u5c06\/home\/hello\/lib\u76ee\u5f55\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bfb\u627e\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000 \u5bfb\u627e\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\uff1a\/home\/hello\/lib&#8211;&gt;\/lib&#8211;&gt;\/usr\/lib&#8211;&gt;\/usr\/local\/lib<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>   -lworld\u8868\u793a\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684lib\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627elibworld.so\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u679cgcc\u7f16\u8bd1\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u201c-static\u201d\u8868\u793a\u5bfb\u627elibworld.a\u9759\u6001\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3>autoconf\u548cautomake\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>autoconf\u548cautomake\u4e24\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u52a8\u5730\u751f\u6210\u7b26\u5408\u81ea\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u60ef\u4f8b\u7684Makefile<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thebigdoc.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/auto-make-conf.html\">https:\/\/thebigdoc.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/auto-make-conf.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>create project\ntouch NEWS README ChangeLog AUTHORS\nautoscan\nconfigure.scan ==&gt; configure.in\/configure.ac\naclocal\nautoheader(\u53ef\u9009\uff0c\u751f\u6210config.h.in)\nMakefile.am(\u6839\u636e\u6e90\u7801\u76ee\u5f55\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u591a\u4e2a)\nlibtoolize \u2013automake \u2013copy \u2013force(\u5982\u679cconfigure.ac\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86libtool)\nautomake \u2013add-missing\nautoconf\n.\/configure &amp;&amp; make &amp;&amp; make install<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code> sudo apt-get install autoconf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<br>\nhttps:\/\/yuchen112358.github.io\/2016\/04\/25\/auto-tool\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.laruence.com\/2009\/11\/18\/1154.html\">https:\/\/www.laruence.com\/2009\/11\/18\/1154.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55 pwd \u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Linux\u4e2d\u7528 pwd \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u201d\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u201c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u3002 \u7b80\u5355\u5f97\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e0d\u592a\u786e\u5b9a\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528pwd\u6765\u5224\u5b9a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u7684\u786e\u5207\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pwd\n\n\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\uff1a\n\n\u683c\u5f0f\uff1apwd -P  \u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5b9e\u9645\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\uff08link\uff09\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u4eca\u5929\u8fd9\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u6709\u70b9\u96be\ud83d\udeb9<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>https:\/\/seisman.github.io\/how-to-write-makefile https:\/ &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2021\/12\/13\/linux_makefile\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">linux_makefile_cmake<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14,3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=122"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14854,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/122\/revisions\/14854"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=122"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=122"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=122"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}