{"id":126,"date":"2021-12-13T19:47:46","date_gmt":"2021-12-13T11:47:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/?p=126"},"modified":"2021-12-13T19:50:09","modified_gmt":"2021-12-13T11:50:09","slug":"linux-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2021\/12\/13\/linux-1\/","title":{"rendered":"linux \u5b89\u88c5\u5305"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ee5ubantu\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4e3b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1aapt-get tar dpkg<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. apt-get<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

apt-get \u547d\u4ee4\u662f Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u5378\u8f7d\u5305\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5347\u7ea7\u5305\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u628a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5347\u7ea7\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002
\napt-get \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u63a5\u53e3\u3002
\n\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f update<\/code>(\u66f4\u65b0)
\n\u548c install<\/code>(\u5b89\u88c5)\uff0cremove<\/code> – \u79fb\u9664\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305 \u3002
\n\u8bed\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

apt-get [options] command<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
update\nupdate \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u91cd\u65b0\u540c\u6b65\u5305\u7d22\u5f15\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\/etc\/apt\/sources.list \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5305\u7d22\u5f15\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\u5305\u7d22\u5f15\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5305\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u5305\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u672c\u5730\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u54ea\u4e9b\u7248\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9(\u6e90)\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\nupdate \u547d\u4ee4\u5e94\u8be5\u603b\u662f\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u6216\u5347\u7ea7\u5305\u4e4b\u524d\u6267\u884c\u3002\n\ninstall\ninstall \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u6216\u8005\u5347\u7ea7\u5305\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5305\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u9650\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728 Debian \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f apt-utils\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f apt-utils_1.6.1_amd64.deb)\u3002\u88ab\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u5305\u4e5f\u5c06\u88ab\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 \/etc\/apt\/sources.list \u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u5305\u7684\u6e90(\u670d\u52a1\u5668)\u3002install \u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5305\u3002\n\nupgrade\nupgrade \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece \/etc\/apt\/sources.list \u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u6e90\u5b89\u88c5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5f53\u524d\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5305\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5c1a\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u7684\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u4e0d\u66f4\u6539\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u4fdd\u7559\u5f53\u524d\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u524d\u6267\u884c update \u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u4fbf apt-get \u77e5\u9053\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u662f\u5426\u6709\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u53ef\u7528\u3002\n\u6ce8\u610f update \u4e0e upgrade \u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a\nupdate \u662f\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\uff0cupgrade \u662f\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\n\ndist-upgrade\n\u9664\u6267\u884c\u5347\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\u5916\uff0cdist-upgrade \u8fd8\u667a\u80fd\u5730\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u5305\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002apt-get \u6709\u4e00\u4e2a \"\u667a\u80fd\" \u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u89e3\u51b3\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5347\u7ea7\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u4ee5\u727a\u7272\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5305\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cdistr -upgrade \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e9b\u5305\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\n$ apt-get update\n$ apt-get upgrade -y\n$ apt-get dis-upgrade -y\n\nremove\nremove \u4e0e install \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u662f\u5220\u9664\u5305\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 remove \u547d\u4ee4\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7559\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u3002\n\npurge\npurge \u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e remove \u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0cpurge \u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u5220\u9664\u5305\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u5305\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\n\nautoremove\nautoremove \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5f53\u521d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u5176\u4ed6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5bf9\u5b83\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u800c\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u3002\n\ndownload\ndownload \u547d\u4ee4\u628a\u6307\u5b9a\u5305\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u662f\u7c7b\u4f3c *.deb \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5305\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\n\nclean\nclean \u547d\u4ee4\u6e05\u9664\u5728\u672c\u5730\u5e93\u4e2d\u68c0\u7d22\u5230\u7684\u5305\u3002\u5b83\u4ece \/var\/cache\/apt\/archives\/ \u548c \/var\/cache\/apt\/archives\/partial\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u5220\u9664\u9664\u9501\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\n\nautoclean\n\u4e0e clean \u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0cautoclean \u547d\u4ee4\u6e05\u9664\u68c0\u7d22\u5230\u7684\u5305\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u5220\u9664\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7ef4\u62a4\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u5927\u5c0f\u5931\u63a7\u3002\n\nsource\nsource \u547d\u4ee4\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5305\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6700\u65b0\u53ef\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002\n\nchangelog\nchangelog \u547d\u4ee4\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u5305\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
2. tar -zxvf  .gz<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u4e00\u822c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u91cc\u9762\u7684readme\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. dpkg -\u53c2\u6570 path<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
dpkg \u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ dpkg -i <package_file_path>\ndpkg -i package   #\u5b89\u88c5\u5305<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
dpkg \u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u672c\u5730\u7684 deb \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u800c apt-get \u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ed3\u5e93\u91cc\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$ sudo dpkg -i fping_4.2-1_amd64.deb\n(\u6b63\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93 ... \u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u524d\u5171\u5b89\u88c5\u6709 252654 \u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002)\n\u51c6\u5907\u89e3\u538b fping_4.2-1_amd64.deb  ...\n\u6b63\u5728\u89e3\u538b fping (4.2-1) \u5e76\u8986\u76d6 (4.2-1) ...\n\u6b63\u5728\u8bbe\u7f6e fping (4.2-1) ...\n\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7528\u4e8e man-db (2.8.5-2) \u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u5668 ...<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-i\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1b \n-r\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1b \n-P\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b \n-L\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u4e8e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5173\u8054\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b \n-l\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868\uff1b \n--unpack\uff1a\u89e3\u5f00\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1b \n-c\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5185\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\uff1b \n--confiugre\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
# dpkg -i package   #\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\n\n# dpkg -R \/usr\/local\/src   #\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u9762\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\n\n# dpkg --unpack package    #\u89e3\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u548c-R\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\n\n# dpkg --configure package    #\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\n\n# dpkg -r package  #\u5220\u9664\u5305\n\n# dpkg --merge-avail      #\u5408\u5e76\u5305\n\n# dpkg -P  #\u5220\u9664\u5305\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\n\n# dpkg -A package   #\u4ece\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u91cc\u9762\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\n\n# dpkg --update-avail    #\u66ff\u4ee3\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\n\n# dpkg --forget-old-unavail    #\u5220\u9664Uninstall\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4fe1\u606f\n\n# dpkg --clear-avail   #\u5220\u9664\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684Avaliable\u4fe1\u606f\n\n# dpkg -C   #\u67e5\u627e\u53ea\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4fe1\u606f\n\n# dpkg --compare-versions ver1 op ver2  #\u6bd4\u8f83\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u522b\n\n# dpkg -b directory [filename]    #\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2adeb\u6587\u4ef6\n\n# dpkg -c filename  #\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2aDeb\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\n\n# dpkg -p package   #\u663e\u793a\u5305\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\n\n# dpkg -S filename-search-pattern    #\u641c\u7d22\u6307\u5b9a\u5305\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6a21\u7cca\u67e5\u8be2\uff09\n\n# dpkg -L package    #\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\n\n# dpkg -s package    #\u62a5\u544a\u6307\u5b9a\u5305\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\n\n# dpkg -l    #\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684Deb\u5305\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b80\u77ed\u8bf4\u660e<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ee5ubantu\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u4e3b \u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1aapt-get tar dpkg 1. apt-get apt-g … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfblinux \u5b89\u88c5\u5305<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/126"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=126"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/126\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":127,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/126\/revisions\/127"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=126"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}