{"id":153,"date":"2021-12-13T19:55:32","date_gmt":"2021-12-13T11:55:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/?p=153"},"modified":"2021-12-13T19:56:25","modified_gmt":"2021-12-13T11:56:25","slug":"linux-10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2021\/12\/13\/linux-10\/","title":{"rendered":"linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5b66\u4e60"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2>linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5b66\u4e60<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>1. sort \u5bf9\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>sort\u662f\u5bf9\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff01\uff01\uff01\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u524d\u540e\u987a\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong>\u3001<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>sort\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u539f\u5219\u662f\u4ece\u9996\u5b57\u7b26\u5411\u540e\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u6309ASCII\u7801\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u6309\u5347\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>sort\u6587\u4ef6\u540d&gt; newfile<\/code><br>\n\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5230newfile\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c<strong>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u4f1a\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u8f93\u51fa\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sort\u7684-u\u9009\u9879\n\n\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u4e2d\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u884c\u3002\n\n sort\u7684-r\u9009\u9879:\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\n\nsort\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5347\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u6539\u6210\u964d\u5e8f\uff0c\u5c31\u52a0\u4e2a-r\u5c31\u641e\u5b9a\u4e86\u3002\n\nsort\u7684-o\u9009\u9879\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\n\n\u7531\u4e8esort\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u628a\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u7528\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u624d\u80fd\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f62\u5982sort filename > newfile\u3002\n\n\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u628a\u6392\u5e8f\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u53ef\u5c31\u4e0d\u884c\u4e86\u3002\n\nsort\u7684-n\u9009\u9879\uff1a\u6570\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\n\n\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u9047\u5230\u8fc710\u6bd42\u5c0f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6211\u53cd\u6b63\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u3002\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\u6309\u5b57\u7b26\u6765\u6392\u5e8f\u4e86\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u5148\u6bd4\u8f831\u548c2\uff0c\u663e\u71361\u5c0f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u5c0610\u653e\u57282\u524d\u9762\u55bd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662fsort\u7684\u4e00\u8d2f\u4f5c\u98ce\u3002\n\n\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u4f7f\u7528-n\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u6765\u544a\u8bc9sort\uff0c\u201c\u8981\u4ee5\u6570\u503c\u6765\u6392\u5e8f\u201d\uff01\n\n\nsort\u7684-t\u9009\u9879\u548c-k\u9009\u9879\uff1a -k\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u6309\u7167\u7b2c\u51e0\u5217\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c -t\uff1a\u5217\u4e0e\u5217\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4e24\u4fa7\u4e0d\u540c\u5217\n\n\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>[rocrocket@rocrocket programming]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>$ cat facebook.txt\nbanana:30:5.5\napple:10:2.5\npear:90:2.3\norange:20:3.4\n\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6709\u4e09\u5217\uff0c\u5217\u4e0e\u5217\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u5192\u53f7\u9694\u5f00\u4e86\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u8868\u793a\u6c34\u679c\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u8868\u793a\u6c34\u679c\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u8868\u793a\u6c34\u679c\u4ef7\u683c\u3002\n\n\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u60f3\u4ee5\u6c34\u679c\u6570\u91cf\u6765\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u6765\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528sort\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1f\n\n\u5e78\u597d\uff0csort\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86-t\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u5b9a\u95f4\u9694\u7b26\u3002\uff08\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u60f3\u8d77\u4e86cut\u548cpaste\u7684-d\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5171\u9e23\uff5e\uff5e\uff09\n\n\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u95f4\u9694\u7b26\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528-k\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u6570\u4e86\u3002\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n<p>[rocrocket@rocrocket programming]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>$ sort -n -k 2 -t : facebook.txt\n\n\n\u5176\u4ed6\u7684sort\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff1a\n\n-f\u4f1a\u5c06\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u90fd\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\n\n-c\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6392\u597d\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e71\u5e8f\uff0c\u5219\u8f93\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e71\u5e8f\u7684\u884c\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8fd4\u56de1\n\n-C\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6392\u597d\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e71\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ec5\u8fd4\u56de1\n\n-M\u4f1a\u4ee5\u6708\u4efd\u6765\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982JAN\u5c0f\u4e8eFEB\u7b49\u7b49\n\n-b\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7a7a\u767d\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u89c1\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>grep\u641c\u7d22\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Linux grep \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<br>\n<code>grep pattern file<\/code><br>\n<code>gerp pattern \u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>-a \u6216 --text : \u4e0d\u8981\u5ffd\u7565\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\n-A&lt;\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570> \u6216 --after-context=&lt;\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570> : \u9664\u4e86\u663e\u793a\u7b26\u5408\u8303\u672c\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u5217\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u8be5\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\n-b \u6216 --byte-offset : \u5728\u663e\u793a\u7b26\u5408\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6807\u793a\u51fa\u8be5\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u7f16\u53f7\u3002\n-B&lt;\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570> \u6216 --before-context=&lt;\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570> : \u9664\u4e86\u663e\u793a\u7b26\u5408\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u8be5\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\n-c \u6216 --count : \u8ba1\u7b97\u7b26\u5408\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u5217\u6570\u3002\n-C&lt;\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570> \u6216 --context=&lt;\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570>\u6216-&lt;\u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570> : \u9664\u4e86\u663e\u793a\u7b26\u5408\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u8be5\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\n-d &lt;\u52a8\u4f5c> \u6216 --directories=&lt;\u52a8\u4f5c> : \u5f53\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\u800c\u975e\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u9879\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5426\u5219grep\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u56de\u62a5\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u505c\u6b62\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\n\n-e&lt;\u8303\u672c\u6837\u5f0f> \u6216 --regexp=&lt;\u8303\u672c\u6837\u5f0f> :** \u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u505a\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u3002**\n\u6ce8\u610f -e \"pattern1\" -e \"patttern2\" \u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5339\u914d\u591a\u4e2apattern\n\n-E \u6216 --extended-regexp : \u5c06\u6837\u5f0f\u4e3a\u5ef6\u4f38\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\n-f&lt;\u89c4\u5219\u6587\u4ef6> \u6216 --file=&lt;\u89c4\u5219\u6587\u4ef6> : \u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u542b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u6837\u5f0f\uff0c\u8ba9grep\u67e5\u627e\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u5219\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\u6bcf\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u6837\u5f0f\u3002\n-F \u6216 --fixed-regexp : \u5c06\u6837\u5f0f\u89c6\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\n-G \u6216 --basic-regexp : \u5c06\u6837\u5f0f\u89c6\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u7684\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\n-h \u6216 --no-filename : \u5728\u663e\u793a\u7b26\u5408\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e0d\u6807\u793a\u8be5\u884c\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u3002\n-H \u6216 --with-filename : \u5728\u663e\u793a\u7b26\u5408\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u884c\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u3002\n-i \u6216 --ignore-case : \u5ffd\u7565\u5b57\u7b26\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u3002\n-l \u6216 --file-with-matches : \u5217\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7b26\u5408\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u3002\n-L \u6216 --files-without-match : \u5217\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u3002\n-n \u6216 --line-number : \u5728\u663e\u793a\u7b26\u5408\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6807\u793a\u51fa\u8be5\u884c\u7684\u5217\u6570\u7f16\u53f7\u3002\n-o \u6216 --only-matching : \u53ea\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914dPATTERN \u90e8\u5206\u3002\n-q \u6216 --quiet\u6216--silent : \u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u4efb\u4f55\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\n-r \u6216 --recursive : \u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6548\u679c\u548c\u6307\u5b9a\"-d recurse\"\u53c2\u6570\u76f8\u540c\u3002\n-s \u6216 --no-messages : \u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\n-v \u6216 --invert-match : \u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5339\u914d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\u3002\n-V \u6216 --version : \u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\n-w \u6216 --word-regexp : \u53ea\u663e\u793a\u5168\u5b57\u7b26\u5408\u7684\u5217\u3002\n-x --line-regexp : \u53ea\u663e\u793a\u5168\u5217\u7b26\u5408\u7684\u5217\u3002\n-y : \u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6548\u679c\u548c\u6307\u5b9a\"-i\"\u53c2\u6570\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1apattern \uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u901a\u914d\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>^ \u5339\u914d\u884c\u5f00\u5934\n$ \u5339\u914d\u884c\u7ed3\u5c3e\n. \u5339\u914d\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\n* \u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u957f\u5ea6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\n[] \u5339\u914d\u3010\u3011\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4>ps -ef \u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ps -ef \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u7528\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u7ba1\u9053  |<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2ashell\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u201c|\u201d\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0cshell\u4f1a\u5c06\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fbe\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff1a<br>\n\u7ba1\u9053\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee5\u5199\u65b9\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee5\u8bfb\u65b9\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u524d\u9762\u5199\u5b8c\u540e\u9762\u8bfb\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5c31\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7ba1\u9053\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u5360\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u5916\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5728Linux\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u5360\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0cLinux\u4e0a\u7684\u7ba1\u9053\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u91cd\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong><br>\n<strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5411\u786c\u76d8\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c|\u7ba1\u9053\u53ea\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u5feb\u7684\u6267\u884c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\u547d\u4ee41|\u547d\u4ee42<\/code><br>\n\u7ba1\u9053\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u547d\u4ee41\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u9001\u7ed9\u547d\u4ee42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u547d\u4ee42\u4e00\u822c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u5b57\u7b26\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u8f93\u51fa\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ea7\u8f93\u5165<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7&#8221;\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165&#8221;\uff08stdin\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u547d\u4ee42 \u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u4ee4\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u7ba1\u9053\u547d\u4ee4\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cecho\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u7ba1\u9053\u4f20\u53c2\u3002<strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528xargs\u5de5\u5177\u5c06\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ea7\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53c2\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>xargs\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u662f\u5c06\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8f6c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ echo \"hello world\" | xargs echo\nhello worlds\n\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u7ba1\u9053\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u8f6c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570hello world\uff0c\u4f20\u7ed9\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2aecho\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\n\n\u547d\u4ee41| xargs \u547d\u4ee42<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>-d \u53c2\u6570\u4e0e\u5206\u9694\u7b26<br>\n\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cxargs\u5c06\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u548c\u7a7a\u683c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u628a\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ echo \"one two three\" | xargs mkdir<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cmkdir\u4f1a\u65b0\u5efa\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3axargs\u5c06one two three\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u4e09\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6267\u884cmkdir one two three\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-d\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6539\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ echo -e \"a\\tb\\tc\" | xargs -d \"\\t\" echo\na b c<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u5236\u8868\u7b26\\t\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5a\\tb\\tc\u5c31\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u3002echo\u547d\u4ee4\u7684-e\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u89e3\u91ca\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528xargs\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u8f6c\u6362\u53c2\u6570\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u786e\u8ba4\u4e00\u4e0b\u5230\u5e95\u6267\u884c\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-p\u53c2\u6570\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8be2\u95ee\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u8981\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ echo 'one two three' | xargs -p touch\ntouch one two three ?...<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6700\u7ec8\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u786e\u8ba4\u3002\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165y\u4ee5\u540e\uff08\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7686\u53ef\uff09\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u771f\u6b63\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-t\u53c2\u6570\u5219\u662f\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6700\u7ec8\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ echo 'one two three' | xargs -t rm\nrm one two three<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>-n\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u6b21\u5c06\u591a\u5c11\u9879\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ xargs find -name\n\"*.txt\" \"*.md\"\nfind: paths must precede expression: `*.md'\n\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u4e24\u9879\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ xargs -n 1 find -name<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\uff08-n 1\uff09\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u547d\u4ee4\uff08find -name\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5982\u679cxargs\u8981\u5c06\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u7ed9\u591a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528-I\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-I\u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ cat foo.txt\none\ntwo\nthree\n\n$ cat foo.txt | xargs -I file sh -c 'echo file; mkdir file'\none \ntwo\nthree\n\n$ ls \none two three<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0a\u9762\u7684file\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66ff\u4ee3\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u4fbf\u5199\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5199\u4e3a{}\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ce8\u610f\u5fc5\u987b\u548c\u540e\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u5e94<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>\u547d\u4ee41| xargs -I {} \u547d\u4ee42\uff08\u5c062\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a{}\uff09<\/code><br>\n\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cfoo.txt\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u884c\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff08echo\u548cmkdir\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528-I file\u8868\u793afile\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4f1a\u66ff\u4ee3\u6389echo file; mkdir file\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u4e2afile\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>Linux cut\u547d\u4ee4 \u5217\u622a\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u6bcf\u884c\u4ece\u5f00\u5934\u7b97\u8d77 num1 \u5230 num2 \u7684\u6587\u5b57\u3002<br>\n<code>cut -c num1-num2 file \u663e\u793a\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u7b2cnum1-num2\u4e2a\u5b50\u5143<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>cut -c num1,num2,num3 file \u663e\u793a\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u7b2cnum1\u3001num2\u3001num3 \u5b50\u5143<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5<br>\ncut  [-bn] [file]<br>\ncut [-c] [file]<br>\ncut [-df] [file]<br>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf4\u660e:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>cut \u547d\u4ee4\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u526a\u5207\u5b57\u8282\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u8282\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5\u5199\u81f3\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a File \u53c2\u6570\uff0ccut \u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8bfb\u53d6\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a -b\u3001-c \u6216 -f \u6807\u5fd7\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c2\u6570:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>-b \uff1a\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5272\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u8282\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5c06\u5ffd\u7565\u591a\u5b57\u8282\u5b57\u7b26\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4e5f\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86 -n \u6807\u5fd7\u3002\n-c \uff1a\u4ee5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5272\u3002\n-d \uff1a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5236\u8868\u7b26\u3002\n-f \uff1a\u4e0e-d\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u663e\u793a\u54ea\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u3002\n-n \uff1a\u53d6\u6d88\u5206\u5272\u591a\u5b57\u8282\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u4ec5\u548c -b \u6807\u5fd7\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u843d\u5728\u7531 -b \u6807\u5fd7\u7684 List \u53c2\u6570\u6307\u793a\u7684\n\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5185\uff0c\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u5c06\u88ab\u5199\u51fa\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u5c06\u88ab\u6392\u9664<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><code>cut -f 1-3 file<\/code><br>\n-f \u53c2\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u622a\u53d6\u7b2cm-n\u680f(\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u680f\u503c\u5f97\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 -d\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5217\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4tab)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\ndfgf    ddg     3\ncut -f 1 file\n\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u5c06dfgf\u53d6\u51fa\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u662ftab\u5206\u5272\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u680f\n\n-d\ncut -d \" \" -f file\n\u5219\u5c06\u201c \u201d \u7a7a\u683c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u5272\u5217\u7b26<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u91cd\u96be\u70b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4>sed<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>sed\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u6b63\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u5904\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u628a\u5f53\u524d\u5904\u7406\u7684\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e34\u65f6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7a7a\u95f4\u201d\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u7528sed\u547d\u4ee4\u5904\u7406\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5904\u7406\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f7f\u7528-i\u9009\u9879\u3002sed\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u7f16\u8f91\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u53cd\u590d\u64cd\u4f5c\u6216\u8005\u7528\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u8f6c\u6362\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sed\u529f\u80fd\u540cawk\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5dee\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\uff0csed\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5bf9\u5217\u5904\u7406\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u8981\u5dee\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0cawk\u529f\u80fd\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5bf9\u5217\u5904\u7406\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f3a\u5927\u3002\n\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\n sed [options] 'command' file(s)\n sed [options] -f scriptfile file(s)\n\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570\n-e #\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\n-n #\u53d6\u6d88\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8f93\u51fa\uff08\u5982\u679c\u548cp\u547d\u4ee4\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u53ea\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u884c\uff09\n-h #\u5e2e\u52a9\n-V #\u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\n\u5e38\u7528\u52a8\u4f5c\na #\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u672c\ni #\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u4e0a\u9762\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u672c\nc #\u628a\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u6539\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u672c\nd #\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u884c\nD #\u5220\u9664\u6a21\u677f\u5757\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c \ns #\u66ff\u6362\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\nh #\u62f7\u8d1d\u6a21\u677f\u5757\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\nH #\u8ffd\u52a0\u6a21\u677f\u5757\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\ng #\u83b7\u5f97\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u66ff\u4ee3\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u677f\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u672c \nG #\u83b7\u5f97\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u677f\u5757\u6587\u672c\u7684\u540e\u9762 \nl #\u5217\u8868\u4e0d\u80fd\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u6e05\u5355\nn #\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u884c\uff0c\u7528\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5904\u7406\u65b0\u7684\u884c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\nN #\u8ffd\u52a0\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u884c\u5230\u6a21\u677f\u5757\u540e\u9762\u5e76\u5728\u4e8c\u8005\u95f4\u5d4c\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u884c\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u53f7\u7801\np #\u6253\u5370\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\nP #(\u5927\u5199)\u6253\u5370\u6a21\u677f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\nq #\u9000\u51faSed\nb #lable \u5206\u652f\u5230\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u5e26\u6709\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5206\u652f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u5206\u652f\u5230\u811a\u672c\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\nr #file \u4ecefile\u4e2d\u8bfb\u884c\nt #label if\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u4ece\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e00\u65e6\u6ee1\u8db3\u6216\u8005T\uff0ct\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u5206\u652f\u5230\u5e26\u6709\u6807\u53f7\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5904\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5230\u811a\u672c\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\nT #label \u9519\u8bef\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u4ece\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u8005T\uff0ct\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u5206\u652f\u5230\u5e26\u6709\u6807\u53f7\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5904\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5230\u811a\u672c\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\nw #file \u5199\u5e76\u8ffd\u52a0\u6a21\u677f\u5757\u5230file\u672b\u5c3e**\nW #file \u5199\u5e76\u8ffd\u52a0\u6a21\u677f\u5757\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5230file\u672b\u5c3e**\n! #\u8868\u793a\u540e\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u53d1\u751f\u4f5c\u7528** \n= #\u6253\u5370\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u53f7\u7801**\n# #\u628a\u6ce8\u91ca\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u4ee5\u524d**\nSed\u66ff\u6362\u547d\u4ee4\ng #\u8868\u793a\u884c\u5185\u5168\u9762\u66ff\u6362\uff08\u5168\u5c40\u66ff\u6362\u914d\u5408s\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\np #\u8868\u793a\u6253\u5370\u884c \nw  #\u8868\u793a\u628a\u884c\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6 \nx #\u8868\u793a\u4e92\u6362\u6a21\u677f\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u672c\u548c\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u672c \ny #\u8868\u793a\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u7528\u4e8e\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09 \n1  #\u5b50\u4e32\u5339\u914d\u6807\u8bb0 \n&amp; #\u5df2\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6807\u8bb0\nSed\u6b63\u5219\n^ #\u5339\u914d\u884c\u5f00\u59cb \n$ #\u5339\u914d\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\n. #\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26\n* #\u5339\u914d0\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\n[] #\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\n[^]  #\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5b57\u7b26 \n(..) #\u5339\u914d\u5b50\u4e32\n&amp;  #\u4fdd\u5b58\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u7528\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u7b26\n&lt; #\u5339\u914d\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\n>  #\u5339\u914d\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\nx{m} #\u91cd\u590d\u5b57\u7b26x\uff0cm\u6b21\nx{m,} #\u91cd\u590d\u5b57\u7b26x\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11m\u6b21 \nx{m,n} #\u91cd\u590d\u5b57\u7b26x\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11m\u6b21\uff0c\u4e0d\u591a\u4e8en\u6b21\nSed\u5e38\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\n1\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\n\necho \"hello world\" |sed 's\/ \/-\/1g'\nhello-world \n#\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u5f00\u59cb\u5168\u5c40\u66ff\u6362\u6210-\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\n2\u3001\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\n\nsed '\/^$\/d' filename #\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\nsed '2d' filename #\u5220\u9664\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\nsed '2\uff0c$d' filename #\u5220\u9664\u7b2c\u4e8c\u76f4\u5230\u672a\u5c3e\u6240\u6709\u884c\nsed '$d' filename #\u5220\u9664\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\nsed '\/^test\/'d filename #\u5220\u9664\u4ee5test\u5f00\u5934\u884c\n3\u3001\u5339\u914d\u66ff\u6362\n\necho \"hello world\" |sed 's\/w+\/[&amp;]\/g'\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>[hello]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> [world]\necho &#8220;hello world&#8221; |sed &#8216;s\/w+\/&#8221;&amp;&#8221;\/g&#8217;\n&#8220;hello&#8221; &#8220;world&#8221;\n#w+\u5339\u914d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c&amp;\u8868\u793a\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\necho AAA bbb |sed &#8216;s\/([A-Z]+) ([a-z]+)\/[2] [1]\/&#8217;\n<\/p>\n\n\n<p>[bbb]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> [AAA]\n#\u5b50\u4e32\u5339\u914d\u66ff\u6362\n4\u3001\u9009\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\n\nsed -n &#8216;\/= 0\/,\/max\/p&#8217; svnserve.conf\n#min-encryption = 0\n#max-encryption = 256\n#\u6240\u6709\u5728=0\u5230max\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u884c\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6253\u5370\u51fa\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>awk \u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>awk\u662f\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u81ea\u5e26\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b83\u4f9d\u6b21\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u8bfb\u53d6\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001CSV \u90a3\u6837\u7684\u6bcf\u884c\u683c\u5f0f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cawk\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<br>\nawk\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5de5\u5177\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b83\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8db3\u591f\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>awk\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u683c\u5f0f\n$ awk \u52a8\u4f5c \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\n\n# \u793a\u4f8b\n$ awk '{print $0}' demo.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cdemo.txt\u662fawk\u6240\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u524d\u9762\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u5185\u90e8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5cprint $0\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cprint\u662f\u6253\u5370\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c$0\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0a\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u539f\u6837\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\uff08stdin\uff09\u6f14\u793a\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ echo 'this is a test' | awk '{print $0}'\nthis is a test<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cprint $0\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165this is a test\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5370\u4e86\u4e00\u904d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>awk\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u7a7a\u683c\u548c\u5236\u8868\u7b26\uff0c\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u5206\u6210\u82e5\u5e72\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u7528$1\u3001$2\u3001$3\u4ee3\u8868\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ echo 'this is a test' | awk '{print $3}'\na\n\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c$3\u4ee3\u8868this is a test\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5a\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>awk\u5141\u8bb8\u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ea\u8f93\u51fa\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa\u6761\u4ef6\u8981\u5199\u5728\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u524d\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ awk '\u6761\u4ef6 \u52a8\u4f5c' \u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ awk -F ':' '\/usr\/ {print $1}' demo.txt\nroot\ndaemon\nbin\nsys<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cprint\u547d\u4ee4\u524d\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u8f93\u51fa\u5305\u542busr\u7684\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u53ea\u8f93\u51fa\u5947\u6570\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f93\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5b66\u4e60 1. sort \u5bf9\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u547d\u4ee4 sort\u662f\u5bf9\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff01\uff01\uff01\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u524d\u540e\u987a\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u3001 sort\u5c06 &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2021\/12\/13\/linux-10\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5b66\u4e60<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=153"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":154,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153\/revisions\/154"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=153"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=153"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}