{"id":16382,"date":"2024-07-22T19:56:39","date_gmt":"2024-07-22T11:56:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/?p=16382"},"modified":"2024-07-22T19:58:47","modified_gmt":"2024-07-22T11:58:47","slug":"xlstm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2024\/07\/22\/xlstm\/","title":{"rendered":"xLSTM-\u6539\u8fdb\u957f\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7f51\u7edc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Github: https:\/\/github.com\/AI-Guru\/xlstm-resources<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n\n

LSTM\uff08\u957f\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e86\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5df2\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u4e0e\u5e8f\u5217\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u5b57\u5e55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3 GPU\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u5229\u7528 GPU \u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5e76\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u7684 Transformer \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u94fa\u5e73\u4e86\u9053\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6539\u8fdb\u548c\u5e76\u884c\u5316 LSTM\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3LLM\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u8bba\u6587\u201c XLSM\u2014\u2014\u6269\u5c55\u957f\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7f51\u7edc\u201d\u6240\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c<\/em> XLSM \u4ee3\u8868\u201c\u6269\u5c55<\/em>\u201d\u957f\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b0\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5373 sLSTM \u548c mLSTM \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"xLSTM<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001LSTM \u56de\u987e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u52a8\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u539f\u59cb LSTM \u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3 RNN \u65f6\u5e8f\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u4e2d\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u6d88\u5931\u548c\u7206\u70b8\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u5927\u5bb6\u770b\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u52a8\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u5e8f\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e3ax\uff0c\u9690\u5c42\u53d8\u91cf\u4e3as\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e3ay\uff0cLSTM \u76f8\u6bd4 RNN \u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6761\u65f6\u95f4\u94fe\u6761c\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u957f\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

LSTM \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u7406\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u95e8\u63a7\u673a\u5236\u534f\u8c03\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u957f\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002\u5176\u4e2df1\u4e3a\u9057\u5fd8\u95e8\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u6a61\u76ae\u64e6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6628\u5929\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6st-1\u548c\u4eca\u5929\u8f93\u5165xt\u51b3\u5b9a\u5220\u9664\u54ea\u4e9b\u65e7\u8bb0\u5fc6sigmoid \u51fd\u6570\u53d6\u503c\u4e3a0\u65f6\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5236\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c;f2 \u4f7f\u7528 tanh \u51fd\u6570\u53d6\u503c\u5728(-1,1)\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0d\u662f\u9057\u5fd8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u628a\u8fd9\u4e24\u5929\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u8fdb\u884c\u68b3\u7406\u548c\u5f52\u7eb3\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u50cf\u94c5\u7b14\u4e00\u6837\u589e\u52a0\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u79f0\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u95e8\u3002\u53f3\u8fb9\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5404\u81ea\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u957f\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u94fe\uff0c\u5e76\u76f8\u4e92\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f LSTM \u6210\u529f\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u539f\u7406\u548c\u516c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u9759\u4e0b\u5fc3\u6765\u770b\uff0cst\u6539\u7528 ht\u8868\u793a\u3002ft\u5c31\u662f\u9057\u5fd8\u95e8\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5c55\u5f00;it\u5c31\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u95e8\uff0czt\u5bf9\u5e94\u8f93\u5165\u95e8\u4e2d tanh \u51fd\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4e09\u8005\u5206\u522b\u90fd\u52a0\u4e86\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684 cell \u8fed\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u516c\u5f0f(2)\u3002\u8fd9\u548c\u521a\u624d\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u8fd8\u52a0\u4e86\u8f93\u51fa\u95e8\uff0c\u957f\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u94fe\u6761\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u8fde\u63a5\uff0co\u5bf9\u5e94\u524d\u9762\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684y\u3002\u516c\u5f0f(3)\u662fh\u94fe\u6761\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u516c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u95e8\u63a7\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65f6\u5e8f\u4e0a\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u628a\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u63ba\u548c\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u65f6\u5e8f\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c6\u89d2\u770b\uff0c\u4e0etransformer\u548c Mamba \u90fd\u5f02\u66f2\u540c\u5de5\u4e4b\u5999\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u90fd\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u6216\u5e8f\u5217\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u95e8\u63a7\u673a\u5236\u901a\u8fc7\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\uff0c\u800c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u901a\u8fc7\u52a8\u6001\u8ba1\u7b97\u6743\u91cd\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u95e8\u63a7\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u65f6\u5e8f\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u201c\u63ba\u548c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ea6\u675f\u7248\u6216\u8005\u7b80\u5316\u7248\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3\u3001\u4e3a\u5565\u6b47\u83dc\u4e86?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u66fe\u7ecf\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0cLSTM \u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u5c40\u9650\u6027:
1 \u5728\u5904\u7406\u957f\u5e8f\u5217\u65f6\u6548\u7387\u4f4e:
2 \u8bb0\u5fc6\u5bb9\u91cf\u6709\u9650;
3 \u4e0d\u80fd\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u3002
\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u80fd\u8ba9 transformer\u540e\u6765\u8005\u5c45\u4e0a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u501f\u52a9\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u5757\u5806\u53e0\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u89c4\u6a21\u6269\u5145\u548c GPU \u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u62fc\u7b97\u529b\uff0c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u501f\u9274\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u6b62transformer\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u3002\u539f\u6709\u7684\u95e8\u63a7\u673a\u5236\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u53ef\u6316\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u6761\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u521b\u65b0\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u5148\u6765\u770b\u521d\u7ea7\u6539\u9020\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u521d\u7ea7\u7248:sLSTM \u6539\u8fdb\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6539\u8fdb\u7248\u672c\u53eb sLSTM\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6539\u5584\u51b3\u7b56\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6539\u52a8\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u70b9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1.\u8f93\u5165\u95e8\u548c\u9057\u5fd8\u95e8\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\u4ece sigmoid \u6539\u6210\u4e86\u6307\u6570\u51fd\u6570(\u7ea2\u8272\u90e8\u5206)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u72b6\u6001 nt(\u516c\u5f0f9)\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9690\u5c42 h_t\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u6539\u6210\u4e86c_t\/n_t\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u516c\u5f0f(10)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.\u8fd8\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u72b6\u6001 mt\u6765\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7a33\u5b9a\u95e8\u63a7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0d\u540e\u8bb2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f0f\u5b50\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86log\uff0c\u6307\u6570\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9006\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u964d\u4e00\u7ea7\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u95e8\u548c\u9057\u5fd8\u95e8\u90fd\u522b\u592a\u731b\u3002\u7c7b\u6bd4\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u65b0\u9c9c\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u60f3\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u60c5\u7eea\u592a\u6fc0\u52a8\u4e86\u90fd\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5fc3\u5e73\u6c14\u548c\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e m_t\u518d\u8c03\u6574\u8f93\u5165\u95e8\u548c\u9057\u5fd8\u95e8\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002\u9690\u5c04\u5230\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b63\u5e94\u4e86\u90a3\u53e5\u8bdd:\u5fcd\u4e00\u65f6\u98ce\u5e73\u6d6a\u9759\uff0c\u9000\u4e00\u6b65\u6d77\u9614\u5929\u7a7a\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u4e8b\uff0c\u7a0d\u5fae\u653e\u653e\uff0c\u522b\u90a3\u4e48\u6fc0\u52a8\uff0c\u4ece\u5bb9\u6de1\u5b9a\uff0c\u53cd\u5012\u66f4\u7406\u667a\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u8d77\u6765\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002\u843d\u5b9e\u5230\u516c\u5f0f\u4e0a\uff0c\u752d\u7ba1f\u8fd8\u662fi\uff0c\u5148\u627e\u5230log\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u6307\u6570\u4e0a\u526a\u6389\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002
\u9644\u5f55 A\u4e2d\u6570\u5b66\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bc1\u660e\u5728\u524d\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u4e2d\u7528f’_t\u548ci’_t\u66ff\u6362 f_t\u548c i_t\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u53c2\u6570\u635f\u5931\u7684\u5bfc\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u63a8\u5bfc\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u770b\u7684\uff0c\u732b\u4e00\u773c\u77e5\u9053\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u5bb6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\u725b\u903c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u6570\u5b66\u73a9\u7684\u8d3c\u6e9c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4LSTM \u6bd4\u8d77transformer \u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u624e\u5b9e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u62fc\u5de5\u7a0b\u62fc\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e9b\u516c\u5f0f\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u63a5\u4ece\u957f\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u95e8\u63a7(\u9600\u95e8)i,f,o\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6df7\u5408\u3002\u95e8\u63a7\u5c31\u662f\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65f6\u5e8f\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002
\u8bb2\u5b8c\u4e86\u521d\u7ea7\u7248\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u54b1\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u4e2d\u7ea7\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e09\u3001\u4e2d\u7ea7\u7248:mLSTM \u6539\u8fdb\u5185\u5b58\u5904\u7406<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u654f\u611f\u5ea6\uff0c\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u957f\u5e8f\u5217\u5904\u7406\u6548\u7387\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u589e\u5f3aLSTM \u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u80fd\u529b\u6587\u7ae0\u5c06 LSTM \u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5355\u5143\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u91cf c\u589e\u52a0\u5230\u77ed\u9635C<\/strong>\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 transformer\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\u5982\u4e0b:
Ct<\/sub>=Ct-1<\/sub>+vt<\/sub>kt<\/sub>T<\/sup><\/strong>
\u8fd9\u5c31\u6709\u70b9\u610f\u601d\u4e86\u54c8\uff0c\u201c\u5343\u53e4\u6587\u7ae0\u4e00\u5927\u6284\uff0c\u4f60\u6284\u6211\u4e5f\u8d85\u201d\uff0c\u4e92\u76f8\u501f\u9274\u5f62\u6210\u4f60\u4e2d\u6709\u6211\u6211\u4e2d\u6709\u4f60\u7684\u6001\u52bf\u3002\u5728\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u6295\u5f71\u5230\u952e\u548c\u503c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0cmLSTM \u8fdb\u884c\u5c42\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5747\u503c\u4e3a\u96f6\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u66f4\u65b0\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4f18\u5316\u5668(\u6bd4\u5982adam)\u6574\u5408\u5230LSTM \u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u9057\u5fd8\u95e8\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u8870\u51cf\u7387\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u95e8\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u7387\uff0c\u800c\u8f93\u51fa\u95e8\u5219\u7f29\u653e\u68c0\u7d22\u5230\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u9009\u4ee3\u516c\u5f0f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0e\u524d\u9762 SLSTM \u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u533a\u522b\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6743\u91cd\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u77e9\u9635\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5411\u91cf\u77e9\u9635\u4e58\u6cd5\u548c\u54c8\u8fbe\u739b\u79ef\uff0c\u516c\u5f0f(21)\u3002\u533a\u522b\u4e4b\u4e8c\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86q_t\uff0ck_t\uff0cv_t\u8fd9\u79cd\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f(22-24)\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u591a\u4e86\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u6743\u91cd\u77e9\u9635\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u57fa\u672c\u6ca1\u53d8\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5355\u5143\u6ca1\u53d8\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6269\u5bb9\u4e86\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u3002
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u5934\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5934\u4e0e\u5934\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u5e76\u884c\uff0c\u65e0\u5f62\u4e2d\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u5e76\u884c\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5230\u6b64\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edfLSTM \u4e09\u5927\u5f31\u70b9\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c0f\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5f71\u5f71\u7ef0\u7ef0\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u601d\u8def:\u4e00\u662f\u56fa\u672c\u5b88\u4f4f\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u5728\u539f\u6709\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u4f18\u5316\u63d0\u5347\u6316\u6398\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u95e8\u63a7\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5355\u5143\u77e9\u9635\u5316\u63d0\u5347\u5bb9\u91cf;\u4e8c\u662f\u5f00\u6e90\u62ff\u6765\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4e2d QKV\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u68c0\u7d22\u80fd\u529b\u3002
\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u8fd8\u6ca1\u5b8c\uff0c\u54b1\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7248\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56db\u3001\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7248:xLSTM \u5927\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u65e2\u7136 transformer \u725b\u901a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u5806\u53e0\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6548\u679c\u597d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u601d\u60f3\u8d2f\u5f7b\u5230 LSTM \u4e2d\uff0c\u5f62\u6210 LSTM \u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5806\u53e0\u5462\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6548\u679c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e0d\u9519?\u8fd9\u5c31\u6d89\u53ca\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684 Cover \u5b9a\u7406\u5566\u3002\u5b83\u53ca\u5176\u884c\u751f\u7684\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6620\u5c04\u7406\u8bba\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7406\u8bba\u4f9d\u636e\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1\u3001cover\u5b9a\u7406-\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Cover\u5b9a\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\uff1a\u5f53\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u7ef4\u6570D\u8d8a\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684N\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u95f4\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u53ef\u5206\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5c31\u8d8a\u5927<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570(\u5982 ReLU\u3001Sigmoid\u3001Tanh\u7b49)\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u53d8\u6362\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u6349\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u77e9\u9635\u548c\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u9010\u6b65\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u9ad8\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u4f4e\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u96be\u4ee5\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u53d8\u5f97\u7ebf\u6027\u53ef\u5206\u3002Transformer\u6a21\u578b\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u5728\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u7ed3\u5408\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002
Cover \u5b9a\u7406\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6620\u5c04\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5982 BERT\u3001GPT\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u65e2\u7136\u4f60\u4eec\u90fd\u80fd\u8fd9\u4e48\u5e72\uff0cxLSTM \u60f3\u6211\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u80fd\u554a!\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u5e72\u4e86\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b:
1.\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u603b\u7ed3(\u538b\u7f29\u4fe1\u606f)<\/strong>\u3010\u5de6\u56fe\u3011:\u901a\u8fc7\u6b8b\u5dee\u5757\u5728\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u603b\u7ed3\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6216\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5206\u79bb\u3002
2.\u7ebf\u6027\u6620\u5c04\u56de\u539f\u59cb\u7a7a\u95f4<\/strong>\u3010\u53f3\u56fe\u3011:\u5b8c\u6210\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7ebf\u6027\u6620\u5c04\u56de\u539f\u59cb\u7a7a\u95f4\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5206\u79bb\u548c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5386\u53f2\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\u5177\u4f53\u5230\u600e\u4e48\u5347\u7ef4\u5462\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u5de6\u8fb9\u662f\u5148\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u603b\u7ed3\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u539f\u59cb\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u770b\u56fe\u4ece\u4e0b\u5f80\u4e0a\u8f93\u5165 sLSTM\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5411\u4e0a\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5012\u7740\u7684\u68af\u5f62\u77e9\u9635\u5347\u7ef4\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u540e\u518d\u964d\u7ef4\u3002\u53f3\u8fb9\u662f\u5148\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u4fe1\u606f\u540e\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u539f\u59cb\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0a\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u518d\u7528 mLSTM \u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u964d\u7ef4\u3002
\u5148\u5e72\u540e\u53d8\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5148\u53d8\u540e\u5e72\u8fd9\u4e2a\u597d\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u80af\u5b9a\u597d\u5947\u4e3a\u5565\u5de6\u8fb9\u9002\u5408sLSTM\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u9002\u5408 mLSTM\u6a21\u578b\u5462?\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u5728\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5bb9\u91cf\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7528\u6709\u77e9\u9635\u5316\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5355\u5143\u7684mLSTM\u66f4\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4f4e\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u5904\u7406 sLSTM \u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002
\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5230\u9644\u5f55\u56fe 9\/10 \u4e2d\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u7ed9\u4f60\u5217\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e86\uff0c\u54b1\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u548c\u7528\u5904.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

PF=3\/4 \u548c PF=4\/3:\u6295\u5f71\u56e0\u5b50(Projection Factor)\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e3a\u539f\u6765\u76843\/4\uff0c\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6269\u5927 4\/3 \u500d\u3002
GN(GroupNorm):\u7ec4\u5f52\u4e00\u5316(Group Normalization)\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ec4\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u52a0\u901f\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5c0f\u6279\u91cf(batch)\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Swish \u4e00\u79cd\u5e73\u6ed1\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Conv4:\u5377\u79ef\u5c42\uff0c\u5377\u79ef\u6838\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 4\u3002\u63d0\u53d6\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\uff0c
LN(LayerNorm):\u5c42\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u52a0\u901f\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002SLSTM \u5355\u5143\u4e2di,f,z\uff0c0:\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u8f93\u5165\u95e8(input gate)\u3001\u9057\u5fd8\u95e8 (forget gate)\u7ec6\u80de\u72b6\u6001\u66f4\u65b0(cell update)\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u95e8(output gate)\u3002NH=4:\u8868\u793a\u6709 4 \u4e2a\u5934(heads)\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u5206\u6210\u5757\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5757\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u7ebf\u6027\u53d8\u6362\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6355\u6349\u5c40\u90e8\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u4ece\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u95e8\u9884\u6fc0\u6d3b(circular arrows)\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6574\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u5148LN\u6574\u7406\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\u3002\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5377\u79ef\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6fc0\u6d3b\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u53d8\u6362\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165sLSTM\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u6709\u8fd0\u7b97\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u4e864\u4e2a\u5934\u7684\u591a\u5934\u5e76\u884c\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5934\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6355\u6349\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u6216\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u3002
\u5185\u90e8\u91c7\u7528\u5757\u5bf9\u89d2\u7ebf\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u9700\u6c42;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u77e9\u9635(\u5757)\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6355\u6349\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81;\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u7a00\u758f\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\u3002
\u5728sLSTM\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u7bad\u5934\u8868\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u4e0e\u5148\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u7136\u540e\u7ec4\u5185\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u3001\u964d\u7ef4\u3001\u518d\u6fc0\u6d3b\u3001\u518d\u964d\u7ef4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0e\u6b8b\u5dee\u76f8\u52a0\u518d\u8f93\u51fa\u3002
\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u5757:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

PF=1\/2 \u548c PF=2:\u6295\u5f71\u56e0\u5b50(Projection Factor)\u3002\u524d\u8005\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6269\u5927\u4e24\u500d\u3002
LSkip \u662f\u4e2a\u8df3\u7ebf\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6b8b\u5dee\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u68af\u5ea6\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u68af\u5ea6\u6d88\u5931\u548c\u7206\u70b8\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5187\u4e24\u79cd\u8df3\u7ebf\u6b8b\u5dee
mLSTM \u5355\u5143\u4e2d\u7684 q\u3001k\u3001v\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u67fb\u8be2(query)\u3001\u952e(key)\u548c\u503c(value)\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521a\u8bb2\u8fc7\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u7d22\u3002
BS=4:\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 4 \u7684\u5757\u5bf9\u89d2\u6295\u5f71\u77e9\u9635\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6574\u4f53\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u521a\u8bb2\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5927\u5dee\u4e0d\u5dee\uff0c\u54b1\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e00\u4e00\u8fc7\u4e86\u3002\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u6b8b\u5dee\u5806\u53e0\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5c42\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u6280\u672f\u7b49\u7a33\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5347\u964d\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a7a\u95f4\u53d8\u6362\uff0c\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u53d8\u6362\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5229\u7528 LSTM \u8fdb\u884c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6df7\u5408\uff0c\u4e3b\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u65f6\u5e8f\u4e0a\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u5934\u548c\u5757\u5bf9\u89d2\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u6ca1\u5c11\u4e86\u7528\u5377\u79ef\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3\u3001\u4e0eTransformer \u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u6784\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5806\u53e0\u589e\u52a0\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u9010\u5c42\u63d0\u53d6\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u5806\u53e0\u7ed3\u6784\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u4f18\u5316\u6240\u6709\u5c42\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5806\u53e0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u578b\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u4e14\u6709\u6548\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60 transformer \u80fd\u5e72\u7684\u6211xLSTM \u73b0\u5728\u90fd\u80fd\u5e72\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u5565\u561b?!\u800c\u4e14\u8001\u5b50\u5185\u90e8\u6709\u6e05\u6670\u800c\u660e\u786e\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6709\u6570\u5b66\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u4e25\u5bc6\u63a8\u5bfc\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u4f60transformer \u5185\u90e8\u5c31\u662f\u4e2a\u4e71\u4e03\u516b\u7cdf\u7684\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u548c\u4ea4\u53c9\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u9ed1\u76d2\u5b50\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6d6a\u8d39\u6389\u7684\uff0c\u4f4e\u6548\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u96be\u63a8\u7406\u96be\uff0c\u4ece\u6548\u7387\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u4e0a\u90fd\u4e0d\u5982\u6211\u4e5f\u5c31make sense\u4e86\u3002\u4e0eTransformer\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cxLSTM \u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0a\u968f\u7740\u5e8f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u5448\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7531\u4e8exLSTM \u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u538b\u7f29\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u8fb9\u7eff\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4\u3001\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5bf9\u6bd4 mLSTM \u548c SLSTM \u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u65b9\u4fbf\u5e76\u884c\u5316\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u7531\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6df7\u5408(\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5)\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5feb\u901f\u7684CUDA\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 GPU \u5185\u5b58\u4f18\u5316\u5230\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4 mLSTM \u6162\u4e0d\u5230\u4e24\u500d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u90a3\u4f60\u80af\u5b9a\u4f1a\u95ee\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u7840\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u7528\u5462?\u7ed9\u4f60\u51e0\u4e2a\u539f\u5219:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sLSTM:\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u548c\u590d\u6742\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u5145\u8db3\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5bf9\u5ef6\u8fdf\u654f\u611f\u4f46\u4e0d\u53d7\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u9650\u5236\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6709\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6df7\u5408<\/p>\n\n\n\n

mLSTM:\u56fe\u50cf\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u9650\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u5229\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a:\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u73af\u5883\u6216\u8fb9\u7f18\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3001\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e94\u3001 \u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bba\u8bc1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8be6\u5b9e\u662f\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5927\u725b\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728 NLP \u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0e\u5927\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u56db\u5927\u7c7b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1\u3001\u5408\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u957f\u7a0b\u4efb\u52a1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6bcf\u884c\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ecLama\u3001Mamba\u7b497\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\u7684 12 \u4e2d\u53d8\u4f53\uff0cxLSTM[0:1]:\u4e3b\u8981\u662fSLSTM \u5757\uff0cxLSTM[1:0]:\u4e3b\u8981\u662f mLSTM\u5757\uff0cxLSTM[1:1]:\u5747\u8861\u4f7f\u7528 mLSTM \u548cSLSTM \u5757\u3002\u6bcf\u5217\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u654f\u611f\u3001\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u65e0\u5173\u3001\u6b63\u5219\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u662f\u591a\u6570\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6b63\u5219\u3002
\u4f7f\u7528 SLSTM \u548c mLSTM \u7684\u7ec4\u5408(\u5982xLSTM[1:1])\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u590d\u6742\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u518d\u6765\u770b\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u591a\u67e5\u8be2\u8054\u60f3\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u6a2a\u8f74\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff0c\u7eb5\u8f74\u9a8c\u8bc1\u51c6\u786e\u7387\uff0cxLSTM1:1\u8868\u73b0\u6700\u4f73\uff0c\u8d8a\u96be\u8d8a\u597d\uff0cLama\u7b49Transformer \u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8f83\u5c0f\u548c\u4e2d\u7b49\u96be\u5ea6\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u4f18\u8d8a\u3002Mamba \u7565\u5f3a\u3002\u771f\u662f\u201c\u957f\u6c5f\u540e\u6d6a\u63a8\u524d\u6d6a\uff0c\u4e00\u6d6a\u66f4\u6bd4\u4e00\u6d6a\u5f3a\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u56f0\u60d1\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 158 \u4e2aToken \u8bad\u7ec3\u7684 SlimPajama \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8bcd\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u6a2a\u8f74\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u7eb5\u8f74\u4e3a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u56f0\u60d1\u5ea6\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u8d8b\u52bf\u90fd\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4f46xLSTM \u660e\u663e\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3\u3001\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 300B \u4e2a Token \u8bad\u7ec3\u7684 SlimPajama \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u8bcd\u9884\u6d4b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u56f0\u60d1\u5ea6(Validation Perplexity)\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u957f\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5916\u63a8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6a2a\u8f74\u4e3a token \u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5e8f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 300B \u4e2a Token \u8bad\u7ec3\u7684 SlimPajama\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u8bcd\u9884\u6d4b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u56f0\u611f\u5ea6(Validation Perplexity)\u968f\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u9a8c\u8bc1\u56f0\u611f\u5ea6\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u80fd\u8d8a\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00b7\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u56f0\u611f\u5ea6\u968f\u7740\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u66f4\u5927\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u8bcd\u9884\u6d4b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u66f4\u597d\u3002
xLSTM \u7684\u4f18\u52bf:xLSTM \u6a21\u578b(\u7279\u522b\u662fxLSTM[7:1]\u548cxLSTM[1:0])\u5728\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u91cf\u4e0b\u90fd\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u56f0\u60d1\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u8d8a\u3002
\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u6bd4:xLSTM \u6a21\u578b\u6bd4 Mamba \u8868\u73b0\u597d\uff0c\u800c Mamba\u6bd4Lama \u8868\u73b0\u597d\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660exLSTM \u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e03\u3001\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.LSTM \u7684\u7f3a\u9677:\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u65f6\u5e8f\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5e38\u91cfsigmoid \u95e8\u63a7\u673a\u5236\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u91cd\u7ec4\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u3002\u4f46\u4f20\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u9762\u4e34\u957f\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5904\u7406\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5b58\u50a8\u91cf\u5c0f\u3001\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u56f0\u96be\u4e09\u5927\u786c\u4f24\u3002
2.xLSTM \u7684\u539f\u7406:\u501f\u52a9\u6307\u6570\u95e8\u63a7\u6df7\u5408\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u65b0\u5185\u5b58\u7ed3\u6784\uff0cLSTM\u589e\u5f3a\u4e3a sLSTM\u548cmLSTM\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u6784\u6210\u4e86xLSTM \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5806\u53e0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3.\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u6bd4:xLSTM \u5728\u8bed\u5409\u5efa\u6a21\u4e0a\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u8bf8\u5982Transformers\u548cState Space Models\u7b49\u6700\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u8868\u73b0\u826f\u597d\u3002\u6269\u5c55\u6cd5\u5219\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u66f4\u5927\u7684xLSTM \u6a21\u578b\u5c06\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u57fa\u4e8eTransformer \u6280\u672f\u7684\u5927\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6709\u529b\u7ade\u4e89\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4.\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55:\u4fd7\u8bdd\u8bf4\u201c\u4ee5\u53f2\u4e3a\u9274\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u5174\u66ff\u201dLSTM \u8f89\u714c\u7684\u8fc7\u53bb\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5b83\u5728\u65f6\u5e8f\u5efa\u6a21\u9886\u57df\u7684\u738b\u8005\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u501f\u52a9 xLSTM \u7684\u518d\u5ea6\u8d77\uff0c\u5b83\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6df1\u5ea6\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u4ed6\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5982\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u9884\u6d4b\u6216\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6a21\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f53 xLSTM \u4e5f\u80fd\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u6570\u5341\u4ebf\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u67b6\u6784\u53ef\u80fd\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4e0d\u65ad\u8d85\u8d8a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\u5374\u80fd\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a8\u9648\u51fa\u65b0\uff0c\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ff1\u8fdb\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6587\u7ae0\u6700\u540e\u7684\u5c0f\u7ed3\u548c\u9884\u8a00\u3002LSTM \u80fd\u8d70\u591a\u8fdc\uff0c\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u56de\u7b54:”\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u7684 SOTA\u6280\u672f(\u5982Transformers\u6216State Space Models)\u4e00\u6837\u8fdc<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Github: https:\/\/github.com\/AI-Guru\/xlstm-resources LSTM … \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfbxLSTM-\u6539\u8fdb\u957f\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7f51\u7edc<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21,4],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16382"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16382"}],"version-history":[{"count":98,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16382\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16507,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16382\/revisions\/16507"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16382"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16382"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}