{"id":23002,"date":"2024-12-16T10:43:25","date_gmt":"2024-12-16T02:43:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/?p=23002"},"modified":"2024-12-16T16:07:45","modified_gmt":"2024-12-16T08:07:45","slug":"soundstream","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2024\/12\/16\/soundstream\/","title":{"rendered":"SoundStream-\u97f3\u9891\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"108\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-33-1024x108.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23004\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-33-1024x108.png 1024w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-33-300x32.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-33-768x81.png 768w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-33.png 1174w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-light-pink-background-color has-background\"><li><strong>\u8bba\u6587\uff1a <a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2107.03312\">https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2107.03312<\/a> <\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/wesbz\/SoundStream\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/github.com\/wesbz\/SoundStream<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0cSoundStream \u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u4f4e\u65f6\u5ef6\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u6d41\u5f0f\u7684\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u63a8\u7406<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a CPU \u4e0a\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5728\u4e3b\u89c2\u8bc4\u6d4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e 24kHz \u91c7\u6837\u7387\u4e0b\u7684\u97f3\u9891\uff0c3 kbps \u4f4e\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u4e0b\u7684 SoundStream \u6bd4 12 kbps \u7684 Opus \u548c 9.6 kbps \u7684 EVS\uff08\u589e\u5f3a\u8bed\u97f3\u670d\u52a1\uff0cEnhance Voice Services\uff09\u6548\u679c\u90fd\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0cSoundStream \u7684 Encoder \u7aef\u6216\u8005 Decoder \u7aef\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u538b\u7f29\u7f16\u7801\u548c\u8bed\u97f3\u589e\u5f3a\u8fdb\u884c\u8054\u5408\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u5355\u4e00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u989d\u5916\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\u5ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>\u5de5\u4f5c\u6982\u8ff0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol><li><strong>\u6a21\u578b\u7531\u5168\u5377\u79ef Encoder-Decoder \u548c\u6b8b\u5dee\u5411\u91cf\u91cf\u5316\uff08RVQ, Residual Vector Quantizer\uff09\u6a21\u5757\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u8054\u5408\u8bad\u7ec3\u5f97\u5230\uff1b<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u8bed\u97f3\u5408\u6210\u548c\u8bed\u97f3\u589e\u5f3a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u524d\u6cbf\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u6297\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u91cd\u5efa\u635f\u5931\u76ee\u6807\u7b49\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u4ece\u91cf\u5316\u540e\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u7ed3\u679c\u6062\u590d\u51fa\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u97f3\u9891\uff1b<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u5728\u91cf\u5316\u5c42\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7ed3\u6784\u5316 dropout\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5355\u4e00\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u5728 3kbps \u5230 18kbps \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u4e0b\u6709\u6548\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u56fa\u5b9a\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u97f3\u9891\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u635f\u5931\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1\uff1b<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u6a21\u578b\u652f\u6301\u5c06\u97f3\u9891\u538b\u7f29\u7f16\u7801\u4e0e\u97f3\u9891\u964d\u566a\u8fdb\u884c\u8054\u5408\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e0e\u7ea7\u8054\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>SoundStream \u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SoundStream \u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u662f\u5168\u5377\u79ef\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\u3002\u8f93\u5165\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u97f3\u9891\u6ce2\u5f62\uff0cEncoder \u5c06\u5176\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u8f83\u4f4e\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u7684 embedding \u5e8f\u5217\uff0cRVQ \u6b8b\u5dee\u5411\u91cf\u91cf\u5316\u5668\u5bf9 embedding \u5e8f\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u91cf\u5316\uff1b<strong>Decoder \u540c\u6837\u662f\u5168\u5377\u79ef\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u662f\u91cf\u5316\u540e\u7684 embedding\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6062\u590d\u51fa\u539f\u59cb\u6ce2\u5f62\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SoundStream \u6a21\u578b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6ce2\u5f62\u91cd\u5efa\u548c\u5bf9\u6297\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e24\u4e2a\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u5224\u522b\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u533a\u5206\u662f\u89e3\u7801\u6062\u590d\u7684\u97f3\u9891\u8fd8\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u97f3\u9891\u3002\u9700\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c<strong>Encoder \u548c Decoder \u90fd\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u56e0\u679c\u5377\u79ef\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u97f3\u9891\u540e\u7eed\u91c7\u6837\u70b9\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6a21\u578b\u65f6\u5ef6\u53ea\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u7cfb\u6570\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/strong>\u5177\u4f53\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u97f3\u9891\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u662f 24 kHz\uff0c\u964d\u91c7\u6837 320 \u500d\u5230 75 Hz\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u5ef6\u4e3a 1 \/ 75 \u2248 13.3 ms\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u539f\u59cb\u97f3\u9891\u8f93\u5165 320 \u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u70b9\uff08320 \/ 24000 \u2248 13.3 ms\uff09\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u624d\u80fd\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 embedding\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"318\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-34-1024x318.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23006\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-34-1024x318.png 1024w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-34-300x93.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-34-768x238.png 768w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-34.png 1180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"532\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-37-1024x532.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23045\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-37-1024x532.png 1024w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-37-300x156.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-37-768x399.png 768w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-37.png 1354w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u662f 24 kHz \u539f\u59cb\u6ce2\u5f62\uff0c\u5148\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u5c42\u4e00\u7ef4\u5377\u79ef\uff0ckernel_size \u4e3a 7\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa channel \u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a&nbsp;C\uff1b\u518d\u7ecf\u8fc7B\u4e2a EncoderBlock \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a ResidualUnit \u6b8b\u5dee\u5355\u5143\u548c\u4e00\u5c42\u7528\u4e8e\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u7ef4\u5377\u79ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>ResidualUnit<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u5c42\u4e00\u7ef4\u5377\u79ef\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42\u662f\u81a8\u80c0\u5377\u79ef\uff0c kernel \u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 7\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa channel \u4e3a N\uff0c\u81a8\u80c0\u7387\u4e3a dilation\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u6269\u5927\u6df1\u5c42\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u91ce\uff09\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u662f\u8f93\u51fa channel \u4e3a N\uff0ckernel size \u4e3a 1 \u7684\u4e00\u7ef4\u5377\u79ef\uff08\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u5c42\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>EncoderBlock<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5305\u542b\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u81a8\u80c0\u7387\u5206\u522b\u4e3a 1\uff0c3\uff0c9 \u7684\u6b8b\u5dee\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u81a8\u80c0\u7387\u8d8a\u5927\u8bf4\u660e\u5377\u79ef\u5c42\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u91ce\u8d8a\u5927\uff1b\u4e09\u5c42\u81a8\u80c0\u5377\u79ef\u4e4b\u540e\u662f\u4e00\u5c42\u8df3\u6b65\u5377\u79ef\uff08strided convolution\uff09\uff0c<code>stride=S<\/code>&nbsp;\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u8fdb\u884c S \u500d\u7684\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u56fe\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5171\u56db\u5c42 EncoderBlock\uff0c\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u500d\u6570\u5206\u522b\u4e3a 2, 4, 5, 8\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u500d\u6570\u4e3a 320\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u7684 24 kHz \u97f3\u9891\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5e27\u7387\u4e3a 24000\/320 = 75 Hz\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a EncoderBlock \u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u7684 channel \u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u8f93\u5165 channel \u7684 2 \u500d\uff0c\u56db\u5c42 EncoderBlock \u4e4b\u540e\u8f93\u51fa\u7684 channel \u7ef4\u5ea6\u4eceC\u6269\u5145\u81f316C\u3002 \u56db\u5c42 EncoderBlock \u4e4b\u540e\u662f\u4e00\u5c42 kernel_size \u4e3a 3 \u7684\u4e00\u7ef4\u5377\u79ef\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa channel \u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e3a K\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u6700\u7ec8 embedding \u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec6\u8282<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u548c\u4f4e\u65f6\u5ef6\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7528\u5230\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e00\u7ef4\u5377\u79ef\u5168\u90e8\u91c7\u7528\u56e0\u679c\u5377\u79ef\uff0c\u5377\u79ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u53ea\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u53ca\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cpadding \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u53ea\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5377\u79ef\u5c42\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528 ELU \u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e0d\u52a0\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684 normalization \u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u89e3\u7801\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u548c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5b8c\u5168\u5bf9\u5076\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5f97\u5230\u7684 embedding \u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u7ef4\u5377\u79ef\u540e\u8fdb\u5165&nbsp;B<em><sub>dec<\/sub><\/em>\u4e2a DecoderBlock \u6a21\u5757\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a DecoderBlock \u5148\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u5c42\u4e00\u7ef4\u53cd\u5377\u79ef\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0a\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u518d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u5c42\u6b8b\u5dee\u5355\u5143\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa channel \u51cf\u534a\uff0c\u4e09\u5c42\u6b8b\u5dee\u5355\u5143\u7684\u81a8\u80c0\u5377\u79ef\u7387\u4ecd\u7136\u662f 1, 3, 9 \u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002&nbsp; &nbsp;B<em><sub>dec<\/sub><\/em> &nbsp;\u5c42 DecoderBlock \u4e4b\u540e\u662f\u4e00\u5c42\u8f93\u51fa channel \u4e3a 1 \u7684\u4e00\u7ef4\u5377\u79ef\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u65f6\u57df\u6ce2\u5f62\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u6b8b\u5dee\u5411\u91cf\u91cf\u5316\u5668 (RVQ)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>SoundStream \u6574\u4f53\u7684\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7ed3\u6784\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u4f46\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00<strong>\u662f\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6b8b\u5dee\u5411\u91cf\u91cf\u5316\uff08RVQ\uff09\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5c06 Encoder \u8f93\u51fa\u7684 embedding \u901a\u8fc7\u91cf\u5316\u5c42\u538b\u7f29\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5148\u56de\u987e\u4e0b VQ\uff08Vector Quantization\uff09\uff1aVQ \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5b66\u4e60 N \u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u6784\u6210\u7684 codebook\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9 Encoder \u8f93\u51fa\u7684 embedding \u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u8bbe Encoder \u8f93\u51fa\u7684 embedding \u5e8f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a S\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a embedding \u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e3a D\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 VQ \u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a embedding \u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a one-shot \u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d 1 \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u5f81\u5bf9\u5e94 codebook N \u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u91cf\u5316\u540e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u4e3a S \u00d7 N\uff0c<em>log<sub>2<\/sub>N<\/em> \u4f5c\u4e3a one-hot \u5411\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6bd4\u7279\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u666e\u901a VQ \u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0b VQ \u6240\u9700\u7684 codebook \u5927\u5c0f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u662f 6 kbps\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e 24 kHz \u7684\u97f3\u9891\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u524d\u6587\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684 320 \u500d\u964d\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u6bcf\u79d2\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e 75 \u4e2a embedding\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a embedding \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u6570\u4e3a 6000 \/ 75 = 80 bit\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 codebook \u5927\u5c0f\u662f&nbsp;2<sup>80<\/sup>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cf\u7ea7\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u884c\u4e0d\u901a\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u666e\u901a\u7248\u672c\u7684 VQ \u56e0\u4e3a codebook \u8fc7\u5927\u800c\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u6b8b\u5dee VQ \/ \u591a\u9636\u6bb5 VQ<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u666e\u901a VQ \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d codebook \u89c4\u6a21\u8fc7\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0cSoundStream \u91c7\u7528\u591a\u9636\u6bb5 VQ \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002RVQ \u91cf\u5316\u5668\u4e00\u5171\u5305\u542bNq\u5c42 VQ\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982 Algorithm 1 \u6240\u793a\uff08Qi&nbsp;\u8868\u793a\u7b2c i \u5c42\u91cf\u5316\u5c42\uff09\uff1a\u539f\u59cb\u7684 Encoder \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7684 embedding \u7ecf\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c42 VQ\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u6b8b\u5dee\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42 VQ \u53ea\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c42 VQ \u7684\u6b8b\u5dee\u8fdb\u884c\u91cf\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u5c06\u539f\u672c\u7684\u4e00\u5c42 VQ \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u591a\u5c42\u6b8b\u5dee VQ \u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a VQ \u5c42\u7684 codebook \u5927\u5c0f\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u7684\u964d\u4f4e\u662f\u6309\u7167\u500d\u6570\u5e73\u5747\u5206\u914d\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a VQ \u5c42\u7684\u3002\u6309\u7167\u524d\u6587 24 kHz \u97f3\u9891\u538b\u7f29\u5230 6 kbps \u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 VQ \u5c42\u5171 8 &nbsp;\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a VQ \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 codebook \u5927\u5c0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d8\u4e3a&nbsp;1024\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u53ef\u884c\u7684 codebook \u5927\u5c0f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>codebook EMA \u8bad\u7ec3<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u91cf\u5316\u5668\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3 codebook \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528 EMA (Exponential Moving Average\uff0c\u6307\u6570\u79fb\u52a8\u5e73\u5747)\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3 VQ \u7684 codebook \u4f7f\u7528 EMA \u65b9\u6cd5\u7531\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/avdnoord.github.io\/homepage\/\">A\u00e4ron van den Oord<\/a>\u9996\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u00a0<code>Neural Discrete Representation Learning<\/code>\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1711.00937\">https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1711.00937<\/a>\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528<strong> EMA \u6307\u6570\u79fb\u52a8\u5e73\u5747\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bad\u7ec3\u7801\u672c codebook\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><strong> EMA \u6307\u6570\u79fb\u52a8\u5e73\u5747\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u6709 batch \u7d2f\u8ba1\u503c\u548c\u5f53\u524d batch \u65b0\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u6743\u5e73\u5747\uff0c\u6743\u91cd\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a decay factor\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u503c\u4e3a 0.99 \uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u66f4\u65b0\u4e0d\u81f3\u4e8e\u592a\u6fc0\u8fdb\u3002<\/strong><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u83b7\u53d6\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e Encoder \u7684\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u8bbe codebook \u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u540e\u5176\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u4e3aei&nbsp;\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u672c\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u53ea\u9700\u6c42\u51fa Encoder \u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u548c&nbsp; ei&nbsp; \u8ddd\u79bb\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u53d6\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u5373\u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a ei&nbsp;&nbsp;\u672c\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u540e\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u548c k-means \u4e2d\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u601d\u60f3\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e mini-batch \u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a batch \u53ea\u5305\u542b\u5168\u90e8\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u7684\u5f88\u5c0f\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e mini-batch \u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u5e73\u5747\u662f\u6709\u504f\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u968f\u7740 mini-batch \u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5728\u7ebf\u66f4\u65b0 codebook \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"877\" height=\"933\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-39.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23088\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-39.png 877w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-39-282x300.png 282w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-39-768x817.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 877px) 100vw, 877px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4>codebook \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53ca\u66f4\u65b0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>SoundStream \u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316 codebook \u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a batch \u6570\u636e Encoder \u8f93\u51fa\u7684 embedding \u8fdb\u884c k-means \u805a\u7c7b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u805a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5404\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97 codebook \u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u548c\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03\u4fdd\u6301\u76f8\u8fd1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5982\u679c codebook \u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u5728\u591a\u4e2a batch\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5177\u4f53\u7684 batch \u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u8bbe\uff09\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684 embedding \u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u5411\u91cf\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5f53\u524d batch \u5185\u968f\u673a\u4e00\u4e2a embedding \u8fdb\u884c\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u53c2\u8003\u4e86 JukeBox\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2005.00341.pdf\">https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2005.00341.pdf<\/a>\uff09\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9 codebook \u4e2d\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u88ab\u53ca\u65f6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a codebook \u4e2d\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u53ea\u7528\u88ab\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u624d\u80fd\u4ece\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u5f97\u5230\u53cd\u9988\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u89c4\u907f codebook \u7684\u65e0\u6548\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-light-pink-background-color has-background\">\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u7387<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>    \u6309\u7167\u524d\u6587\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0cRVQ \u7684\u5c42\u6570\u548c\u6bcf\u4e2a RVQ \u7684 codebook \u5927\u5c0f\u786e\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u97f3\u9891\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u4e5f\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5206\u522b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0d\u540c\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4f46\u662f <strong>SoundStream \u5229\u7528\u4e86 RVQ \u7684\u6b8b\u5dee\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u7684 RVQ \u5c42\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u5168\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9 RVQ \u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u7684 Dropout\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7ed9\u51fa SoundStream \u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u5927\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a\u5f88\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u9002\u914d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\uff1a\u8bbe RVQ \u7684\u5c42\u6570\u4e3a&nbsp;N<em>q<\/em>\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bad\u7ec3\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u968f\u673a\u4ece 1 \u5230&nbsp; N<em>q<\/em> \u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570n<em>q<\/em>&nbsp;\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u9636\u6bb5\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u524d&nbsp;n<em>q<\/em>\u4e2a RVQ \u5c42\uff1b\u63a8\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u524d n<em>q<\/em> &nbsp;\u4e2a RVQ \u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u5224\u522b\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>SoundStream \u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u4e4b\u540e\u97f3\u9891\u7684\u5408\u6210\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u5c06\u8bed\u97f3\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u6297\u8bad\u7ec3\u601d\u60f3\u5f15\u5165\u5230\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u989d\u5916\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u5224\u522b\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u5224\u522b\u97f3\u9891\u662f\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u6062\u590d\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u97f3\u9891\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6ce2\u5f62\u7684\u5224\u522b\u5668\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u7cbe\u5ea6 multi-resolution \u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e0e&nbsp;<strong>MelGAN<\/strong>&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;<strong>HiFi-GAN<\/strong>&nbsp;\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5224\u522b\u5668\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u6ce2\u5f62\u30012 \u500d\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u548c 4 \u500d\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u540e\u7684\u6ce2\u5f62\u4e0a\u5206\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u771f\u5047\u5224\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-47.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23107\" width=\"324\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-47.png 538w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-47-250x300.png 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 324px) 100vw, 324px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e STFT \u7684\u5224\u522b\u5668\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"979\" height=\"651\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-38.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23081\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-38.png 979w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-38-300x199.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-38-768x511.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 979px) 100vw, 979px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u8bad\u7ec3\u76ee\u6807<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>SoundStream \u6574\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528 GAN\uff08\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u6297\u7f51\u7edc\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u91c7\u7528&nbsp;<strong>hinge loss<\/strong>&nbsp;\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5bf9\u6297 loss\u3002\u5bf9\u5e94\u5230 GAN \u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4f5c\u4e3a Generator \u751f\u6210\u5668\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u4e24\u79cd Discriminator \u5224\u522b\u5668\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a STFT \u5224\u522b\u5668\u548c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 multi-resolution \u5224\u522b\u5668\u3002\u5224\u522b\u5668\u7528\u6765\u533a\u5206\u662f\u89e3\u7801\u51fa\u7684\u97f3\u9891\u8fd8\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u97f3\u9891\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u91c7\u7528 hinge loss \u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u771f\u5047\u4e8c\u5206\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-40.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23090\" width=\"372\" height=\"96\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-40.png 537w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-40-300x77.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-43.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23097\" width=\"434\" height=\"104\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-43.png 787w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-43-300x72.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-43-768x185.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u751f\u6210\u5668\u7684\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u751f\u6210\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u88ab\u5206\u7c7b\u4e3a 1 \u7c7b\u522b\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u4ee5\u5047\u4e71\u771f\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-41.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23092\" width=\"367\" height=\"56\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-41.png 522w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-41-300x45.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 367px) 100vw, 367px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bad\u7ec3\u76ee\u6807\u4e2d\u8fd8\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 GAN \u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684 feature matching \u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u9891\u8c31\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u3002feature matching \u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u751f\u6210\u5668\u6062\u590d\u51fa\u7684\u97f3\u9891\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u97f3\u9891\uff0c\u5728\u5224\u522b\u5668\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u4e0a\u8fbe\u5230\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u7528<em>l<\/em>\u8868\u793a\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6c42\u548c\uff0cfeature matching \u7684\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-42.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23095\" width=\"300\" height=\"52\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-42.png 463w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-42-300x52.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u591a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u9891\u8c31\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-44.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23100\" width=\"470\" height=\"49\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-44.png 715w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-44-300x31.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 470px) 100vw, 470px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-45.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23101\" width=\"584\" height=\"272\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-45.png 778w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-45-300x140.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-45-768x359.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 584px) 100vw, 584px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u8054\u5408\u538b\u7f29\u4e0e\u589e\u5f3a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u97f3\u9891\u538b\u7f29\uff08\u97f3\u9891\u7f16\u7801\uff09\u548c\u97f3\u9891\u7684\u964d\u566a\u589e\u5f3a\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u97f3\u9891\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u97f3\u9891\u589e\u5f3a\u6a21\u5757\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\u97f3\u9891\u7f16\u7801\u524d\u6216\u8005\u97f3\u9891\u89e3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u65f6\u5ef6\u662f\u7d2f\u52a0\u7684\u3002SoundStream \u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u97f3\u9891\u7684\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u548c\u964d\u566a\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65f6\u5ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SoundStream \u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u5916\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u63a8\u7406\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u964d\u566a\u548c\u4e0d\u964d\u566a\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf denoise\uff0cdenoise \u4e3a false \u65f6\u4efb\u4f55\u97f3\u9891\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ff\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0cdenoise \u4e3a true \u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u97f3\u9891\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u7248\u548c\u964d\u566a\u7248\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf denoise \u7f6e\u4e3a true \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6a21\u578b\u624d\u5177\u6709\u964d\u566a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u6a21\u578b\u5728 denoise = true \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5bf9\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5e72\u51c0\u65e0\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u97f3\u9891\u5e26\u6765\u635f\u4f24\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e72\u51c0\u97f3\u9891\uff0c\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6 denoise = true \u6216 false \u5747\u53ef\uff0c\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u6709\u566a\u58f0\/\u65e0\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u6548\u679c\u7684\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece SoundStream \u7684\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u56fe\u4f8b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a FiLM \u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7279\u5f81\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u8c03\u5236\uff08Feature-wise Linear Modulation\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u4f4d\u4e8e embedding \u4e4b\u524d\uff08\u7f16\u7801\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u566a\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u8f93\u5165\u662f embedding\uff08\u7f16\u7801\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u566a\uff09\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u5728\u56fe\u4e2d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6548\u679c\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-46.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23105\" width=\"612\" height=\"214\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-46-300x106.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-46-768x270.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 612px) 100vw, 612px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2>SoundStream \u8bc4\u6d4b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u8bc4\u6d4b\u51c6\u5907<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u8bc4\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u96c6<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bc4\u6d4b\u8986\u76d6\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u97f3\u9891\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5e72\u51c0\u548c\u5e26\u566a\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u548c\u97f3\u4e50\uff0c\u90fd\u662f 24kHz \u91c7\u6837\u7387\u3002\u5e72\u51c0\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u6765\u81ea LibriTTS\uff0c\u5e26\u566a\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u662f\u5c06 LibriTTS \u548c freesound \u91cc\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u53e0\u52a0\uff0c\u53e0\u52a0\u65f6\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u589e\u76ca\u7cfb\u6570\u5728 -30dB \u548c 0 dB \u4e4b\u95f4\uff1b\u97f3\u4e50\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\u662f&nbsp;<strong>MagnaTagATune<\/strong>\uff1b\u8bba\u6587\u8fd8\u91c7\u96c6\u4e86\u771f\u5b9e\u573a\u666f\u7684\u97f3\u9891\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u8fd1\u573a\u3001\u8fdc\u573a(\u5e26\u6df7\u54cd)\u548c\u80cc\u666f\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u97f3\u9891\u3002\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5171\u56db\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u662f 50 \u4e2a\u5f85\u6d4b\u6837\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u8bc4\u6d4b\u6307\u6807<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6a21\u578b\u6700\u7ec8\u8bc4\u6d4b\u7684\u6307\u6807\u91c7\u7528\u524d\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u7684 MUSHRA \u5206\u6570\uff0c\u8bc4\u6d4b\u4eba\u6bcd\u8bed\u5747\u4e3a\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u6234\u8033\u673a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u6d4b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u8c03\u53c2\u65f6\uff0c\u7559\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u8ba1\u7b97\u5ba2\u89c2\u6307\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u578b\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 PESQ \u548c POLQA \u7684\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u662f\u5f00\u6e90\u7684 ViSQOL \u8bc4\u6d4b\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u8bc4\u6d4b\u57fa\u7ebf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Opus \u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u97f3\u9891\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u652f\u6301 4kHz ~ 24 kHz \u7684\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u548c 6 kbps ~ 510 kbps \u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\uff0c\u5728 Youtube \u6d41\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u90fd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u53e6\u5916 EVS (\u589e\u5f3a\u8bed\u97f3\u670d\u52a1) \u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u652f\u6301 4kHz ~ 20 kHz \u7684\u91c7\u6837\u7387\u548c 5.9 kbps ~ 128 kbps \u7684\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u3002Google \u8fd8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u81ea\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u7684 Lyra \u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 3 kbps \u7684\u4f4e\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u4e0d\u540c\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u4e0b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d scalable \u7684 SoundStream \u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u591a\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e26 scalable \u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u793a\u7ed9\u5f53\u524d\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u4e13\u95e8\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u5426 scalable \u5dee\u522b\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u9ad8\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u5dee\u522b\u3002\u76f8\u540c\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u4e0b\uff0cSoundStream \u78be\u538b\u5176\u4ed6\u4e09\u4e2a\u57fa\u7ebf\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u97f3\u9891\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>SoundStream @ 3kbps \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e EVS @ 9.6kbps \u548c Opus@12kbps\uff0cSoundStream@6kbps \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e Opus @ 16kbps \u548c EVS @ 13.2kbps\uff0cSoundStream @ 12kbps \u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86 Opus @ 20kbps \u548c EVS @ 16.4kbps\u3002\u666e\u904d\u6027\u5730\uff0c\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u540e\u6062\u590d\u7684\u97f3\u9891\uff0cMUSHRA \u5206\u6570\u4e0a\uff1a\u5e72\u51c0\u8bed\u97f3 &gt; \u771f\u5b9e\u573a\u666f\u97f3\u9891 &gt; \u5e26\u566a\u8bed\u97f3 &gt; \u97f3\u4e50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u6d88\u878d\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5>\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u90e8\u5206\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u7684 fbank \u7279\u5f81\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4e00\u4ee3 Lyra\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u8bad\u7ec3 RVQ \u548c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u6307\u6807 ViSQOL \u4ece 3.96 \u964d\u4f4e\u81f3 3.33\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\uff0c3 kbps \u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u4e0b\u7684 ViSQOL \u4e5f\u6709 3.76\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u91c7\u7528\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5>\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5>VQ \u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u5171&nbsp;N<em>q<\/em>\u4e2a\u91cf\u5316\u5668\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u91cf\u5316\u5668\u7684 codebook \u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a N\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bcf\u5e27 embedding \u7f16\u7801\u540e\u9700\u8981&nbsp;NqlogN\u6bd4\u7279\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u548c&nbsp; &nbsp;NqlogN \u6b63\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u6bd4\u7279\u7387\u4e0b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u91cf\u5316\u5668\u5c42\u6570\u4e0d\u5fc5\u592a\u591a\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c42\u7684 codebook \u5927\u5c0f\u66f4\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\uff1b\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u80fd\u770b\u51fa\uff0c80 \u5c42\u6df1\u5c42\u7684 1-bit \u91cf\u5316\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u5230\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86 RVQ \u6df1\u5c42\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-48.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23115\" width=\"519\" height=\"124\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-48.png 730w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/image-48-300x72.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 519px) 100vw, 519px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h5>\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u5ef6\u8ba1\u7b97<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u524d\u6587\u8bf4\u660e\u8fc7\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u5ef6\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u500d\u6570\uff0c\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u500d\u6570\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u65f6\u5ef6\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u964d\u91c7\u6837\u500d\u6570\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u65f6\u5ef6\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u5c42\u6570\u660e\u663e\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u7387\u4f1a\u968f\u4e4b\u63d0\u9ad8\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a embedding \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u957f\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u65f6\u5ef6\u548c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c trade-off\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5>\u8054\u5408\u7684\u97f3\u9891\u964d\u566a\u548c\u538b\u7f29<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8be5\u8bc4\u6d4b\u5c06\u8054\u5408\u964d\u566a\u538b\u7f29\u4e0e\u5206\u522b\u7684\u964d\u566a\u548c\u538b\u7f29\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u964d\u566a\u548c\u538b\u7f29\u5206\u5f00\u65f6\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u91c7\u7528 SoundStream \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u964d\u566a\u91c7\u7528 SEANet \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u964d\u566a\u548c\u538b\u7f29\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4f7f\u7528\u5148\u964d\u566a\uff08\u7f16\u7801\u524d\uff09\u540e\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u5148\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u964d\u566a\uff08\u89e3\u7801\u540e\uff09\u4e24\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u8bc4\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f 24kHz \u7684 VCTK\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e SoundStream \u548c SEANet \u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u5206\u522b\u57280\uff0c5,10,15 dB \u56db\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0b\u8bc4\u6d4b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8054\u5408\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u964d\u566a\u7565\u5dee\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\u987a\u5e8f\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u76f8\u5dee\u4e0d\u5927\u3002SoundStream \u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u4e24\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7b80\u7ea6\u800c\u4e14\u7701\u7b97\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u548c\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0a\u76f8\u5dee\u4e0d\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\/\u94fe\u63a5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Lyra v1<\/strong>: Kleijn, W. Bastiaan, et al. &#8220;Generative Speech Coding with Predictive Variance Regularization.&#8221; arXiv preprint arXiv:2102.09660 (2021).<\/li><li><strong>AudioLM<\/strong>: Borsos, Zal\u00e1n, et al. &#8220;Audiolm: a language modeling approach to audio generation.&#8221; arXiv preprint arXiv:2209.03143 (2022).<\/li><li><strong>MusicLM<\/strong>: Agostinelli, Andrea, et al. &#8220;MusicLM: Generating Music From Text.&#8221; arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.11325 (2023).<\/li><li><strong>EMA \u8bad\u7ec3 codebook 1<\/strong>: Van Den Oord, Aaron, and Oriol Vinyals. &#8220;Neural discrete representation learning.&#8221; Advances in neural information processing systems 30 (2017).<\/li><li><strong>EMA \u8bad\u7ec3 codebook 2<\/strong>: Razavi, Ali, Aaron Van den Oord, and Oriol Vinyals. &#8220;Generating diverse high-fidelity images with vq-vae-2.&#8221; Advances in neural information processing systems 32 (2019).<\/li><li><strong>Jukebox<\/strong>: Dhariwal, Prafulla, et al. &#8220;Jukebox: A generative model for music.&#8221; arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.00341 (2020).<\/li><li><strong>FiLM<\/strong>: Perez, Ethan, et al. &#8220;Film: Visual reasoning with a general conditioning layer.&#8221; Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Vol. 32. No. 1. 2018.<\/li><li><strong>ViSQOL \u6307\u6807<\/strong>: Chinen, Michael, et al. &#8220;ViSQOL v3: An open source production ready objective speech and audio metric.&#8221; 2020 twelfth international conference on quality of multimedia experience (QoMEX). IEEE, 2020.<\/li><li><strong>\u5b98\u65b9\u535a\u5ba2<\/strong>: https:\/\/opensource.googleblog.com\/2022\/09\/lyra-v2-a-better-faster-and-more-versatile-speech-codec.html<\/li><li><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\u97f3\u9891<\/strong>: https:\/\/google-research.github.io\/seanet\/soundstream\/examples<\/li><li><strong>\u5b98\u65b9\u5f00\u6e90<\/strong>: https:\/\/github.com\/google\/lyra<\/li><li><strong>\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u5b9e\u73b0\uff08PyTorch\uff09Lucidrains<\/strong>: https:\/\/github.com\/lucidrains\/audiolm-pytorch\/blob\/main\/audiolm_pytorch\/soundstream.py<\/li><li><strong>\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u5b9e\u73b0\uff08Pytorch\uff09wesbz<\/strong>: https:\/\/github.com\/wesbz\/SoundStream<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8bba\u6587\uff1a https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2107.03312 \u4ee3\u7801\uff1ahttps:\/\/github. &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2024\/12\/16\/soundstream\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">SoundStream-\u97f3\u9891\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[40,4,9,38,34],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23002"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23002"}],"version-history":[{"count":73,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23002\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23128,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23002\/revisions\/23128"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23002"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23002"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23002"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}