{"id":31022,"date":"2026-05-20T10:22:33","date_gmt":"2026-05-20T02:22:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/?p=31022"},"modified":"2026-05-20T10:22:40","modified_gmt":"2026-05-20T02:22:40","slug":"nim4-asr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2026\/05\/20\/nim4-asr\/","title":{"rendered":"NIM4-ASR: \u9ad8\u6548\u9c81\u68d2\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6LLM\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-light-pink-background-color has-background\"><strong><em>paper:<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2604.18105\" target=\"_blank\"> https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2604.18105<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9762\u5411\u751f\u4ea7\u90e8\u7f72\u7684 LLM-ASR \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u89e3\u51b3\u8f7b\u91cf\u5316\u3001\u5e7b\u89c9\u6291\u5236\u3001\u70ed\u8bcd\u5b9a\u5236\u4e09\u5927\u75db\u70b9\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e phoneme-level encoder \u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u51cf\u5c11\u6a21\u6001\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u5f15\u5165 Iterative Asynchronous SFT\uff08IA-SFT\uff09\u9632\u6b62 representation drift\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1 ASR \u4e13\u7528 RL \u63d0\u5347\u8bc6\u522b\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5 phoneme RAG \u5b9e\u73b0\u767e\u4e07\u91cf\u7ea7\u70ed\u8bcd\u5b9a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u97f3\u9891 \u2192 600M Conformer Encoder\uff08phoneme CTC \u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0cCKA \u76d1\u63a7 drift\uff09\n                    \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u6d41\u5f0f\uff1adynamic-chunk mechanism\uff08\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u671f\u5185\u5d4c\uff09\n                    \u2514\u2500\u2500 phoneme CTC head \u2192 \u97f3\u7d20\u5047\u8bbe\n         MLP Adapter\uff084x \u4e0b\u91c7\u6837\uff0c160ms\/token\uff09\n                    \u2193\n              Qwen3-1.7B\uff08LLM \u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff09\n                    \u2191\n         Phoneme RAG\uff1a\u97f3\u7d20\u5047\u8bbe \u2192 \u68c0\u7d22\u70ed\u8bcd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08&lt;1ms\uff09\u2192 Prompt \u6ce8\u5165\n\n\u8bad\u7ec3 pipeline\uff1a\n    Stage1: Encoder \u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\uff08phoneme CTC\uff0cCR-CTC\uff09\n    Stage2: Alignment\uff08\u4ec5\u8bad\u7ec3 Adapter\uff0c\u51bb\u7ed3\u5176\u4f59\uff09\n    Stage3: IA-SFT\uff08\u5f02\u6b65\u5e76\u884c\uff0cCKA \u76d1\u63a7 encoder \u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff09\n    Stage4+5: Late Joint SFT + Context SFT + ASR-RL<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"509\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-8-1024x509.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31025\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-8-1024x509.png 1024w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-8-300x149.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-8-768x382.png 768w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-8.png 1155w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2>Challenge<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1\u3001Limited downward scalability<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u90e8\u7f72\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5b9e\u65f6\u8bed\u97f3\u4ea4\u4e92\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7 ASR \u6a21\u578b\u7531\u4e8e\u63a8\u7406\u5ef6\u8fdf\u66f4\u4f4e\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u66f4\u5c0f\u56e0\u6b64\u66f4\u53d7\u9752\u7750\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e LLM \u7684 ASR \u5728\u6a21\u578b\u7f29\u5c0f\u540e\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u5e76\u4e0d\u7406\u60f3\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982Qwen3-ASR-0.6B\u3001Fun-ASR-nano\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8f7b\u91cf\u7248\u672c\u76f8\u6bd4\u5b8c\u6574\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u663e\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u8ddd\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7f29\u5c0f\u672c\u8eab\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u5916\uff0cLLM-ASR \u8fd8\u989d\u5916\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\uff1a\u6a21\u6001\u7a0e\uff08modality tax\uff09\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5373\uff1a\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53c2\u6570\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u4e8e ASR \u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8de8\u6a21\u6001\u5bf9\u9f50\uff08cross-modal alignment\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u5f00\u9500\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f7b\u91cf LLM \u771f\u6b63\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e ASR \u7684\u6709\u6548\u5bb9\u91cf\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e26\u6765\u4e0d\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2\u3001\u5e7b\u89c9\u95ee\u9898\uff08Hallucination\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u81ea\u56de\u5f52 LLM \u5929\u751f\u5b58\u5728\u7684 hallucination\uff08\u5e7b\u89c9\uff09\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cencoder\u2013adaptor\u2013LLM \u8054\u5408\u8bad\u7ec3\u8303\u5f0f\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u989d\u5916\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8054\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7531\u4e8e\uff1aLLM \u68af\u5ea6\u66f4\u5f3a\u3001LLM \u8bed\u8a00\u5148\u9a8c\u66f4\u5f3a\u3002 encoder \u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u62c9\u5411LLM \u7684\u4f18\u5316\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4 encoder \u7684\u8868\u793a\u9010\u6e10\u504f\u79fb\u5230 LLM \u7684\u6587\u672c\u7279\u5f81\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3arepresentation drift\uff08\u8868\u793a\u6f02\u79fb\uff09\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4encoder \u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4f9d\u8d56\u8bed\u8a00\u6377\u5f84\uff08linguistic shortcuts\uff09\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7cbe\u7ec6\u58f0\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\uff08fine-grained acoustic fidelity\uff09\u3002\u5728\u566a\u58f0\u3001\u53d1\u97f3\u6a21\u7cca\u3001\u97f3\u9891\u4e0d\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u58f0\u5b66\u6b67\u4e49\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u4f1a\u52a0\u91cd\u5e7b\u89c9\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3\u3001\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ea7\u70ed\u8bcd\u5b9a\u5236\u80fd\u529b\uff08Lack of production-ready hotword customization\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u5de5\u4e1a\u90e8\u7f72\u7684 LLM-ASR \u6846\u67b6 NIM4-ASR\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u4f18\u5316\u63a8\u7406\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u539f\u5219\u7684\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u8bad\u7ec3\u8303\u5f0f<\/li><li>\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u6d41\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u652f\u6301<\/li><li>\u97f3\u7d20\u7ea7 RAG \u7528\u4e8e\u70ed\u8bcd\u5b9a\u5236<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2>Methodology<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>Model<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"509\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-8-1024x509.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31025\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-8-1024x509.png 1024w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-8-300x149.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-8-768x382.png 768w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-8.png 1155w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>encoder\u2013adaptor\u2013LLM \u67b6\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1\u3001\u97f3\u9891\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>80 \u7ef4 log-Mel \u9891\u8c31\uff0c\u7a97\u957f\uff08window\uff09\uff1a25 ms \u5e27\u79fb\uff08frame shift\uff09\uff1a10 ms\uff0c\u5168\u5c40\u5747\u503c\u65b9\u5dee\u5f52\u4e00\u5316<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2\u3001Streaming speech encoder<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u91c7\u7528FireRedASR-AED Conformer\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a 4 \u500d\u4e0b\u91c7\u6837\u5377\u79ef\u6a21\u5757 \u591a\u5c42 Conformer Block \u5806\u53e0\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5e27\u7387 25Hz\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u6d41\u5f0f\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u9636\u6bb5\u4f1a\u6a21\u62dfstreaming \u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u6539\u9020\u6210chunk-based streaming encoder<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3\u3001Speech adaptor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e24\u5c42 MLP\uff0c\u5c06 encoder \u8f93\u51fa\u6620\u5c04\u5230 LLM \u7684 embedding \u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c4\u500d\u4e0b\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u5c06\u8fde\u7eed 4 \u5e27\u7279\u5f81\u8fdb\u884c\u62fc\u63a5\uff0c\u5e27\u7387\u4ece 25 Hz \u964d\u5230 6.25 Hz\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a token 160ms\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4\u3001Phoneme-level CTC head and RAG module<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e09\u5c42 MLP\uff0c\u5c06 encoder \u8868\u793a\u89e3\u7801\u4e3a phoneme hypothesis\uff08\u97f3\u7d20\u5047\u8bbe\uff09\uff0cgreedy decoding\u3002RAG \u6a21\u5757\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u97f3\u7d20\u5e8f\u5217\u68c0\u7d22 hotword \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5c06\u70ed\u8bcd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u63d0\u793a\u6ce8\u5165 prompt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5\u3001LLM decoder\uff1a Qwen3-1.7B<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>Training Recipe<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"829\" height=\"529\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31105\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-1.png 829w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-1-300x191.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-1-768x490.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 829px) 100vw, 829px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0e\u4ee5\u5f80\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u57fa\u4e8e LLM \u7684 ASR \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\u5206\u6790&nbsp;&nbsp;\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e<strong>\u8de8\u6a21\u6001\u5dee\u8ddd\u548c\u8868\u5f81\u6f02\u79fb\u95ee\u9898\u4ecd\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u5145\u5206\u89e3\u51b3<\/strong>\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u8bad\u7ec3\u6d41\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5982\u56fe&nbsp;2&nbsp;\u6240\u793a\uff0cNIM4-ASR \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u6539\u8fdb\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u56db\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u8bad\u7ec3\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<strong>\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u5bf9\u9f50\u3001IA-SFT \u548c\u540e\u671f\u8054\u5408 SFT<\/strong>\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u540e\u671f\u8054\u5408 SFT \u4e4b\u540e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587 SFT \u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RL\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5efa\u6a21\u548c\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>&nbsp;\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u7f29\u5c0f\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8868\u5f81\u4e0e LLM \u5d4c\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6a21\u6001\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e3b\u4e49\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u7c7b\uff08CTC\uff09\u53d8\u4f53&nbsp;&nbsp;\u2014\u2014\u5373 CR-CTC&nbsp;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5982\u56fe&nbsp;2&nbsp;\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u67b6\u6784\u7531\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u548c CTC \u5934\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u4e0e\u5148\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff08AED\uff09&nbsp;\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cCTC \u9f13\u52b1<strong>\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u751f\u6210\u4f4e\u71b5\u3001\u97f3\u7d20\u533a\u5206\u6027\u5f3a\u7684\u8868\u5f81<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4e0e LLM \u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u66f4\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u8de8\u6a21\u6001\u5bf9\u9f50\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u81ea\u52a8\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\uff08ASR\uff09\u4efb\u52a1\u4fdd\u7559\u66f4\u591a\u6a21\u578b\u5bb9\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/25810cd93c3b478359d2b4daadc02a94.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31114\" width=\"393\" height=\"342\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/25810cd93c3b478359d2b4daadc02a94.png 824w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/25810cd93c3b478359d2b4daadc02a94-300x262.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/25810cd93c3b478359d2b4daadc02a94-768x671.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 393px) 100vw, 393px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c06\u76d1\u7763\u6807\u7b7e\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u7ea7\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u97f3\u7d20\u7ea7&nbsp;\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u5730\u5c06\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u7528\u4e8e\u58f0\u5b66\u5230\u97f3\u7d20\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fc7\u65e9\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u8bed\u4e49\u951a\u5b9a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9f13\u52b1\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff08LLM\uff09\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u5173\u6ce8\u8bed\u4e49\u63a8\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u58f0\u5b66\u5efa\u6a21\u4e0e\u8bed\u4e49\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u89e3\u8026\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u97f3\u7d20\u9884\u6d4b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u8bed\u8a00\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u8f83\u5f31\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u58f0\u5b66\u8868\u5f81\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u65b9\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8d4b\u4e88\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u539f\u751f\u6d41\u5a92\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u9636\u6bb5\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u5757\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5728\u5206\u5757\u6d41\u5a92\u4f53\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0b\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6279\u6b21\u7684\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u53ef\u89c1\u5de6\u4fa7\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5757\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u9002\u5e94\u5404\u79cd\u6d41\u5a92\u4f53\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7075\u6d3b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u7f72\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u9884\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4><strong>Stage 2: Alignment &amp; Stage 3: IA-SFT<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u8303\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u9f50\u548c\u8054\u5408 SFT \u662f\u5728\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b8c\u5168\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u4f9d\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002\u5982\u56fe&nbsp;2&nbsp;\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a NIM4-ASR \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8fed\u4ee3\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u524d\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u800c IA-SFT \u5728\u5bf9\u9f50\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f02\u6b65\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u5b9a\u4f55\u65f6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u5bf9\u9f50\u548c IA-SFT \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6838\u5bf9\u9f50\uff08CKA\uff09&nbsp;\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u3002CKA \u5c06\u4e0d\u65ad\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e0e\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5e76\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4ece\u540c\u4e00\u8bc4\u4f30\u96c6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u4e24\u7ec4\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8868\u793a&nbsp;E(a),E(b)&nbsp;\uff0cCKA \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"415\" height=\"100\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31121\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-2.png 415w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-2-300x72.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 415px) 100vw, 415px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002<\/strong>&nbsp;\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fbe\u5230 50 \u4e07\u6b65\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u76d1\u6d4b\u7f16\u7801\u5668\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5f00\u59cb\u5448\u73b0\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 50 \u4e07\u6b65\u65f6\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5feb\u7167\u4f5c\u4e3a\u521d\u59cb\u53c2\u8003\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u6bcf\u9694 1 \u4e07\u6b65\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e00\u6b21 CKA\u3002\u5f53\u6f14\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u53c2\u8003\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684 CKA \u5206\u6570\u9996\u6b21\u4f4e\u4e8e\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u9608\u503c.\u5728\u5bf9\u9f50\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u548c LLM \u5747\u88ab\u51bb\u7ed3\uff0c\u4ec5\u8bad\u7ec3\u9002\u914d\u5668\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u6b21\u89e6\u53d1\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7ea6 101 \u4e07\u6b65\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u9f50\u9636\u6bb5\u6301\u7eed 130 \u4e07\u6b65<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\uff1aIA-SFT\u3002<\/strong>\u00a0\u5bf9\u9f50\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8054\u5408 SFT \u4e4b\u524d\u6267\u884c IA-SFT \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u95f4\u9636\u6bb5\u3002IA-SFT \u4fdd\u6301\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u51bb\u7ed3\uff0c\u5e76\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f02\u6b65\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5feb\u7167\u5e8f\u5217\u8bad\u7ec3\u9002\u914d\u5668-LLM \u5806\u6808\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uff08i\uff09\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e0e\u76d1\u63a7\u3002IA<\/strong>\u00a0-SFT \u5728\u5bf9\u9f50\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ece\u5bf9\u9f50\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8fdb\u884c 100 \u4e07\u6b65\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u5e76\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u3002CKA \u8bc4\u4f30\u4ece\u4e4b\u524d\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u5e76\u6bcf\u9694 1 \u4e07\u6b65\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6b65\u9aa4\u91cd\u590d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u76d1\u63a7\u8868\u5f81\u504f\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uff08ii\uff09CKA \u89e6\u53d1\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/strong>\u00a0\u6bcf\u5f53 CKA \u5206\u6570\u4f4e\u4e8e\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u5feb\u7167\u5c31\u4f1a\u70ed\u63d2\u62d4\u5230 IA-SFT \u5206\u652f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u66f4\u65b0\u53c2\u8003\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(iii\uff09\u6700\u7ec8\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/strong>\u00a0\u66f4\u65b0\u5468\u671f\uff08ii\uff09\u91cd\u590d\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fbe\u5230\u5176 200 \u4e07\u6b65\u7684\u200b\u200b\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3002\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba CKA \u5f97\u5206\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u90fd\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u6700\u7ec8\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 IA-SFT \u8fd0\u884c\u6700\u540e 200 \u4e07\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0cIA-SFT \u4f7f\u7528 101 \u4e07\u6b65\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c 100 \u4e07\u6b65\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u518d\u4f7f\u7528 132 \u4e07\u6b65\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c 100 \u4e07\u6b65\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u5168\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8fdb\u884c 200 \u4e07\u6b65\u8bad\u7ec3\u2014\u2014\u603b\u5171\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7248\u672c\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86 400 \u4e07\u6b65\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002\u5728 IA-SFT \u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4fdd\u6301\u51bb\u7ed3\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u4ece\u5f02\u6b65\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u6301\u58f0\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u51fa\u73b0\u8868\u5f81\u6f02\u79fb\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u52a0\u6df1\u8de8\u6a21\u6001\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002\u4ece\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0cIA-SFT \u9010\u6b65\u5c06 LLM \u66b4\u9732\u4e8e\u66f4\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8868\u5f81\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0d\u53d8\u6a21\u5f0f\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bf9\u58f0\u5b66\u6270\u52a8\u7684\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u9f50\u548c IA-SFT \u4e0e\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u5f02\u6b65\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6574\u4e2a\u8bad\u7ec3\u6d41\u7a0b\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>Stage 4: Late Joint SFT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c IA-SFT \u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u8bed\u97f3\u8868\u5f81\u4e0e LLM \u5d4c\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u7a33\u5065\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u8de8\u6a21\u6001\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u540e\u671f\u8054\u5408 SFT\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u3001\u9002\u914d\u5668\u548c LLM \u4ee5\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8054\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8054\u5408\u8bad\u7ec3\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u524d\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\u5df2\u7ecf\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u4e86\u6a21\u6001\u5dee\u5f02\uff0cLLM \u68af\u5ea6\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u6f02\u79fb\u98ce\u9669\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u68af\u5ea6\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5fae\u8c03\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u65e0\u7f1d\u5730\u4f18\u5316\u58f0\u5b66\u5230\u97f3\u7d20\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u4ee5\u53ca\u97f3\u7d20\u5230\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u5173\u8054\u3002\u4ece\u51e0\u4f55\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u524d\u671f\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50\u9636\u6bb5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u8de8\u6a21\u6001\u6d41\u5f62\uff0c\u4f7f\u540e\u7eed\u4f18\u5316\u5904\u4e8e\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u66f2\u9762\u7684\u4f4e\u66f2\u7387\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u533a\u57df\u5185\uff0c\u68af\u5ea6\u66f4\u65b0\u662f\u5bf9\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u548c\u6d41\u5f62\u51e0\u4f55\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f15\u8d77\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u91cd\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>Stage 5: Context SFT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u6784\u5efa\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u96c6\u00a0S\u00a0\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8f6c\u5f55\u6587\u672c\u5747\u88ab\u89e3\u6790\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6\u5019\u9009\u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 Qwen3-30B-A3B-Instruct\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u7559\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u540d\u3001\u5174\u8da3\u70b9\uff08POI\uff09\u3001\u5a92\u4f53\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u4e13\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u9ad8\u957f\u65f6\u957f\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u5c06\u4ece\u00a0S\u00a0\u4e2d\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u4ee5\u6982\u7387\u65b9\u5f0f\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u63d0\u793a\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u63d0\u793a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"844\" height=\"271\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31130\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-3.png 844w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-3-300x96.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-3-768x247.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 844px) 100vw, 844px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u8f6c\u5f55\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u00a0S\u00a0\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u76f8\u5173\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6982\u7387\u4ece\u00a0S\u00a0\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u53d1\u97f3\u76f8\u540c\u6216\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e72\u6270\u9879\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u548c\u5e72\u6270\u9879\u88ab\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u00a0{context}\u00a0\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u3002\u5e72\u6270\u9879\u7684\u52a0\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b (LLM) \u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ebf\u7d22\u800c\u727a\u7272\u8bed\u4e49\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u3001\u9002\u914d\u5668\u548c LLM \u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u8054\u5408\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u70ed\u8bcd\u5b9a\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8de8\u56de\u5408\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u56de\u5408\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4ece\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u63d0\u793a\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u4ee5\u7d27\u51d1\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u6bd4\u53e5\u5b50\u5c42\u9762\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>Stage 6: ASR Specialized RL<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>GRPO,\u5956\u52b1\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Accuracy reward<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Hallucination reward<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Context reward<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"667\" height=\"46\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31136\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-4.png 667w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-4-300x21.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 667px) 100vw, 667px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4>Additional Stage: Phoneme Head Training for RAG<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RL\uff09\u9636\u6bb5\u540e\uff0c\u4e3b\u8bad\u7ec3\u6d41\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\u56fe\u00a01\u00a0\u6240\u793a\u7684 RAG \u6a21\u5757\u6240\u9700\u7684\u97f3\u7d20\u5934\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7ee7\u627f\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u540e\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6743\u91cd\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u51bb\u7ed3\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u97f3\u7d20\u5934\u5219\u4ece\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684 CTC \u5934\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u53ef\u8bad\u7ec3\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u9636\u6bb5\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5fae\u8c03\u540e\uff0c\u97f3\u7d20\u5934\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8868\u793a\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u97f3\u7d20\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u4f9b\u540e\u7eed\u68c0\u7d22\u6a21\u5757\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>Training Setup<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Robustness enhancement under noisy and silent conditions\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u6280\u5de7\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u7684 SpecAugmentation\u00a0\u00a0\u548c\u901f\u5ea6\u6270\u52a8\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u968f\u673a\u5730\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u58f0\u5b66\u5e72\u6270\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u58f0\u3001\u8f66\u8f86\u566a\u58f0\u548c\u80cc\u666f\u97f3\u4e50\uff09\u6ce8\u5165\u5230 20%\u7684\u5e72\u51c0\u8bad\u7ec3\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u73af\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u566a\u58f0\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u4fe1\u566a\u6bd4\uff08SNR\uff09\u662f\u4ece\u5747\u503c\u4e3a 10 dB\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u4e3a 5 dB \u7684\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"715\" height=\"253\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31142\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-5.png 715w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-5-300x106.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 715px) 100vw, 715px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3>Inference<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u4f18\u5316\u6d41\u5f0f\u63a8\u7406<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Encoder \u4e0e LLM \u89e3\u8026\u90e8\u7f72\uff0cEncoder \u90e8\u7f72\u5728 Triton\uff0cAdaptor + LLM \u90e8\u7f72\u5728 vLLM\uff0cCTC Head + RAG \u90e8\u7f72\u5728 CPU<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Prompt \u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><strong><em>&#91;Static Prefix]\r\n\u2193\r\n&#91;Streaming Speech Embeddings] \u589e\u91cf append \u5230 context\r\n\u2193\r\n&#91;Dynamic Hotword Context] \u52a8\u6001\u66f4\u65b0\u70ed\u8bcd<\/em><\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e24\u79cd Streaming ASR Paradigm<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u589e\u91cf\u5047\u8bbe\u5237\u65b0\uff08hypothesis refresh\uff09<br>                       vs<br>incremental context extension\uff08\u589e\u91cf\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6269\u5c55\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>| \u65b9\u6848                  | hypothesis refresh | incremental extension |\r\n| ------------------- | ------------------ | --------------------- |\r\n| \u5386\u53f2\u662f\u5426\u91cd\u590d decode       | \u662f                  | \u5426                     |\r\n| KV Cache \u662f\u5426\u91cd\u5efa       | \u7ecf\u5e38                 | \u57fa\u672c\u4e0d                   |\r\n| \u662f\u5426\u5b9e\u65f6 partial output | \u5f3a                  | \u5f31                     |\r\n| TTFT                | \u66f4\u4f4e                 | \u7565\u9ad8                    |\r\n| Tail latency        | \u9ad8                  | \u4f4e                     |\r\n| \u9002\u5408\u573a\u666f                | \u957f\u4f1a\u8bae                | \u5b9e\u65f6\u8bed\u97f3\u52a9\u624b                |\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4>Phoneme-based RAG\uff08\u97f3\u7d20\u7ea7\u70ed\u8bcd\u68c0\u7d22\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u672c -> \u97f3\u7d20\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 Aho-Corasick \u81ea\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u91c7\u7528 Hard Matching\u4e0d\u505a\u6a21\u7cca\u5339\u914d\uff0cRetrieval Error \u6bd4 Retrieval Miss \u66f4\u5371\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u70ed\u8bcd\u5b9a\u5236\uff0cNIM4-ASR \u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u97f3\u7d20\u7684\u70ed\u8bcd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u68c0\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u00a01\u00a0\u6240\u793a\u3002\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u70ed\u8bcd\u6587\u672c\u9884\u5148\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u97f3\u7d20-\u8bcd\u5143\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u952e\u662f\u97f3\u7d20\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u503c\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u70ed\u8bcd\u6587\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u97f3\u7d20\u5e8f\u5217\u9996\u5148\u6839\u636e\u97f3\u7d20\u8bcd\u6c47\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u79bb\u6563\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 Aho-Corasick \u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7b97\u6cd5\u91cd\u6784\u4e3a\u5e26\u6709\u5931\u8d25\u94fe\u63a5\u7684 trie \u6811\u3002\u5728\u63a8\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u97f3\u7d20\u5934\u901a\u8fc7\u8d2a\u5a6a\u89e3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u97f3\u7d20\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5047\u8bbe\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u904d\u5386\u4e2d\u626b\u63cf\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u5f53\u65e0\u6cd5\u6269\u5c55\u90e8\u5206\u5339\u914d\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u5c06\u6cbf\u7740\u5931\u8d25\u94fe\u63a5\u627e\u5230\u6700\u957f\u7684\u6709\u6548\u540e\u7f00\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u91cd\u65b0\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u5047\u8bbe\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u68c0\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u5019\u9009\u70ed\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c11\u5197\u4f59\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u957f\u5339\u914d\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u88ab\u8f83\u957f\u8de8\u5ea6\u5b8c\u5168\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u8f83\u77ed\u5339\u914d\u9879\u5c06\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\uff0c\u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559\u6700\u957f\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u70ed\u8bcd\u201cNIO\u201d\u548c\u201cNIO House\u201d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5047\u8bbe\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5219\u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559\u201cNIO House\u201d\u3002\u68c0\u7d22\u5230\u7684\u70ed\u8bcd\u6587\u672c\u968f\u540e\u88ab\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u8bed\u97f3\u5d4c\u5165\u4e00\u8d77\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u63d0\u793a\u6ce8\u5165\u5230 LLM \u63d0\u793a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u89e3\u7801\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u611f\u77e5\u7684\u504f\u7f6e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7d22\u5f15\u7ea7\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6548\u7387\u4ee5\u53ca Aho-Corasick \u81ea\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff08\u4ec5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u67e5\u8be2\u957f\u5ea6\u800c\u975e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5927\u5c0f\uff09\uff0c\u70ed\u8bcd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u6bcf\u6b21\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u4e9a\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u68c0\u7d22\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u70ed\u8bcd\u5b9a\u5236\u65e8\u5728\u4f18\u5316\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5730\u70b9\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5a92\u4f53\u6807\u9898\uff09\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u70ed\u8bcd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u5e9e\u5927\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u5927\u91cf\u8bed\u97f3\u76f8\u4f3c\u751a\u81f3\u540c\u97f3\u7684\u6761\u76ee\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u68c0\u7d22\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728 RAG \u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u786c\u5339\u914d\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ec5\u68c0\u7d22\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u97f3\u7d20\u5e8f\u5217\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5339\u914d\u6216\u7f16\u8f91\u8ddd\u79bb\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5339\u914d\u3002\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u68c0\u7d22\u6f0f\u68c0\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u68c0\u7d22\u9519\u8bef\u5371\u5bb3\u66f4\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a LLM \u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5185\u90e8\u8bed\u8a00\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6062\u590d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f6f\u5339\u914d\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5f15\u5165\u76f8\u4f3c\u4f46\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u70ed\u8bcd\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u80fd\u591f\u5e94\u5bf9\u566a\u58f0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u70ed\u8bcd\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u5e72\u6270\u89e3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>Evaluation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"573\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-6-1024x573.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31150\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-6-1024x573.png 1024w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-6-300x168.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-6-768x430.png 768w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-6.png 1035w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"523\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-7-1024x523.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31151\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-7-1024x523.png 1024w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-7-300x153.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-7-768x392.png 768w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-7.png 1051w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"250\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-8-1024x250.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31152\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-8-1024x250.png 1024w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-8-300x73.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-8-768x188.png 768w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-8.png 1069w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"396\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-9-1024x396.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31153\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-9-1024x396.png 1024w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-9-300x116.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-9-768x297.png 768w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-9.png 1048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"277\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-10-1024x277.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31154\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-10-1024x277.png 1024w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-10-300x81.png 300w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-10-768x208.png 768w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-10.png 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>NIO \u8f66\u8f7d\u573a\u666f\u51fa\u53d1\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u504f\u5411\u5de5\u7a0b\u843d\u5730\u3002phoneme-level encoder \u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001IA-SFT \u9632 drift\u3001ASR-RL\u3001\u767e\u4e07\u70ed\u8bcd RAG\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u751f\u4ea7\u75db\u70b9\u7684\u89e3\u6cd5\u3002CKA \u52a8\u6001\u76d1\u63a7 encoder \u8868\u793a\u504f\u79fb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u624b\u6bb5\u5f88\u7ec6\u3002\u4f46\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u516c\u5f00\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u53ef\u590d\u73b0\u6027\u4e3a\u96f6\uff1b&#8221;25 \u4e2a benchmark SOTA&#8221;\u8981\u6253\u6298\u2014\u2014\u4e3b\u8981\u8d62\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u4f53\u5bc6\u96c6\u573a\u666f\uff1bStreaming \u652f\u6301\u662f&#8221;\u4f18\u5316\u4e86&#8221;\u800c\u975e&#8221;\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86&#8221;\u3002\u70ed\u8bcd\u68c0\u7d22\u53e3\u97f3\/\u65b9\u8a00\u6548\u679c\u5dee\u3002\u672a\u6765\u5c06\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5386\u53f2\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9644\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u7eb3\u5165\u591a\u8f6e\u4ea4\u4e92\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u8de8\u8f6e\u6b21\u8f6c\u5f55\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>paper: https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2604.18105 \u9762\u5411\u751f\u4ea7\u90e8\u7f72\u7684 LLM-ASR &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2026\/05\/20\/nim4-asr\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">NIM4-ASR: \u9ad8\u6548\u9c81\u68d2\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6LLM\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[42,40,4,9,38,43,34],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31022"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31022"}],"version-history":[{"count":65,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31022\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31155,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31022\/revisions\/31155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31022"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31022"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31022"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}