{"id":326,"date":"2021-12-17T16:09:26","date_gmt":"2021-12-17T08:09:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/?p=326"},"modified":"2021-12-24T10:21:44","modified_gmt":"2021-12-24T02:21:44","slug":"seq2seq","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2021\/12\/17\/seq2seq\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u2014\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff08seq2seq\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>        \u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u5b9a\u957f\u5e8f\u5217\u65f6\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u2014\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff08encoder-decoder\uff09 \u6216\u8005seq2seq\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u90fd\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u53eb\u505a\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u548c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u3002\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7528\u6765\u5206\u6790\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7528\u6765\u751f\u6210\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>        \u4ee5\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5b9a\u957f\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u6587\u672c\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5b9a\u957f\u7684\u6cd5\u8bed\u6587\u672c\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>\u82f1\u8bed\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u201cThey\u201d\u3001\u201care\u201d\u3001\u201cwatching\u201d\u3001\u201c.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>\u6cd5\u8bed\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a\u201cIls\u201d\u3001\u201cregardent\u201d\u3001\u201c.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">     \u4e0b\u56fe\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u2014\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u6cd5\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u540e\u9644\u4e0a\u7279\u6b8a\u7b26\u53f7\u201c&lt;eos&gt;\u201d\uff08end of sequence\uff09\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u3001\u6807\u70b9\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u7b26\u53f7\u201c&lt;eos&gt;\u201d\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u6216\u7f16\u7801\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8f93\u5165\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u4e0a\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4ee5\u53ca\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u4f9d\u6b21\u8f93\u51fa\u7ffb\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u6cd5\u8bed\u5355\u8bcd\u3001\u6807\u70b9\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u7b26\u53f7&#8221;&lt;eos&gt;&#8221;\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5728\u6700\u521d\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\u5e8f\u5217\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u7b26\u53f7&#8221;&lt;bos&gt;&#8221;\uff08beginning of sequence\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/tangshusen.me\/Dive-into-DL-PyTorch\/img\/chapter10\/10.9_seq2seq.svg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u2014\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5c06\u53e5\u5b50\u7531\u82f1\u8bed\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u6cd5\u8bed\u3002\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u548c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>        \u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b9a\u957f\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u53d8\u6362\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u957f\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u53d8\u91cf<strong><em>c<\/em><\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8be5\u80cc\u666f\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7f16\u7801\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u662f\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u6700\u5927\u4f3c\u7136\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u57fa\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u635f\u5931\u7684\u5747\u503c\u901a\u5e38\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u7684\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u4e2a\u4eba\u7406\u89e3\uff1a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u540edecoder\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6982\u7387\u503c\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u503c\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u7684\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/tangshusen.me\/Dive-into-DL-PyTorch\/img\/chapter10\/10.10_s2s_prob1.svg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>\u5b57\u5178\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a4<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>        \u56e0\u6b64\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u5f0f\u51b3\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5b57\u5178\u91cc\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u503c\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6982\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b Model Prediction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>        \u4e3a\u4e86\u641c\u7d22\u8be5\u6761\u4ef6\u6982\u7387\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u7a77\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u6761\u4ef6\u6982\u7387\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be5\u5e8f\u5217\u79f0\u4e3a\u6700\u4f18\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u641c\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\u79f0\u4e3a\u7a77\u4e3e\u641c\u7d22 (exhaustive search)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u8d2a\u5a6a\u641c\u7d22 Greedy Search<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>      \u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d2a\u5a6a\u641c\u7d22 (greedy search) \u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u4efb\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=t%27\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\uff0c\u4ece&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=%7C%5Cmathcal%7BY%7D%7C\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u51fa\u8f93\u51fa\u8bcd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=y_%7Bt%27%7D+%3D+%5Ctext%7Bargmax%7D+%5C+%7By_%7Bt%27%7D+%5Cin+%5Cmathcal%7BY%7D%7D+%5Cmathbb%7BP%7D%28y_%7Bt%27%7D+%5Cmid+y_1%2C+%5Cldots%2C+y_%7Bt%27-1%7D%2C+%5Cboldsymbol%7Bc%7D%29+%5C%5C\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e14\u4e00\u65e6\u641c\u7d22\u51fa \u201c&lt;eos&gt;\u201d \u7b26\u53f7\u5373\u5b8c\u6210\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8d2a\u5a6a\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u662f&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=%5Cmathcal%7BO%7D%28%5Cleft%7C%5Cmathcal%7BY%7D%5Cright%7CT%27%29\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u3002\u5b83\u6bd4\u8d77\u7a77\u4e3e\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u663e\u8457\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=%7C%5Cmathcal%7BY%7D%7C%3D10000\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u4e14&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=+T%27%3D10\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8bc4\u4f30&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=10000%5Ctimes10%3D1%5Ctimes10%5E5\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u51fa\u8bcd\u5178\u91cc\u9762\u6709 \u201cA\u201d\u3001\u201cB\u201d\u3001\u201cC\u201d\u548c \u201c&lt;eos&gt;\u201d \u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u4e0b\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u8be5\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u751f\u6210 \u201cA\u201d\u3001\u201cB\u201d\u3001\u201cC\u201d\u548c \u201c&lt;eos&gt;\u201d \u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6982\u7387\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\uff0c\u8d2a\u5a6a\u641c\u7d22\u9009\u53d6\u751f\u6210\u6761\u4ef6\u6982\u7387\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u5e8f\u5217 \u201cABC&lt;eos&gt;\u201d \u3002\u8be5\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6982\u7387\u662f&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=0.5%5Ctimes0.4%5Ctimes0.4%5Ctimes0.6+%3D+0.048\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u675f\u641c\u7d22 Beam Search<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u675f\u641c\u7d22 (beam search) \u662f\u6bd4\u8d2a\u5a6a\u641c\u7d22\u66f4\u52a0\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u675f\u5bbd (beam size) \u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b83\u8bbe\u4e3a&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=k\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u3002\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u6b651\u65f6\uff0c\u9009\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u751f\u6210\u6761\u4ef6\u6982\u7387\u6700\u5927\u7684&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=k\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7ec4\u6210&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=k\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u9996\u8bcd\u3002\u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0a\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=k\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4ece&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=k%5Cleft%7C%5Cmathcal%7BY%7D%5Cright%7C\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u9009\u53d6\u751f\u6210\u6761\u4ef6\u6982\u7387\u6700\u5927\u7684&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=k\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u4e2a\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8be5\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u5019\u9009\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u5019\u9009\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u5305\u542b\u7279\u6b8a\u7b26\u53f7 \u201c&lt;eos&gt;\u201d \u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7b26\u53f7 \u201c&lt;eos&gt;\u201d \u540e\u9762\u7684\u5b50\u5e8f\u5217\u820d\u5f03\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u5019\u9009\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6700\u7ec8\u5019\u9009\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5206\u6570\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=L%5E%5Calpha\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BL%5E%5Calpha%7D+%5Clog+%5Cmathbb%7BP%7D%28y_1%2C+%5Cldots%2C+y_%7BL%7D%29+%3D+%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7BL+%5E%5Calpha%7D+%5Csum_%7Bt%27%3D1%7D%5EL+%5Clog+%5Cmathbb%7BP%7D%28y_%7Bt%27%7D+%5Cmid+y_1%2C+%5Cldots%2C+y_%7Bt%27-1%7D%2C+%5Cboldsymbol%7Bc%7D%29+%5C%5C\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=L\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u4e3a\u6700\u7ec8\u5019\u9009\u5e8f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=%5Calpha\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u4e00\u822c\u53ef\u9009\u4e3a0.75\u3002\u5206\u6bcd\u4e0a\u7684 \u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u60e9\u7f5a\u8f83\u957f\u5e8f\u5217\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6570\u4e2d\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u5bf9\u6570\u76f8\u52a0\u9879\u3002\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u5f97\uff0c\u675f\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u4e3a&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=%5Cmathcal%7BO%7D%28k%5Cleft%7C%5Cmathcal%7BY%7D%5Cright%7CT%27%29\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u3002\u8fd9\u4ecb\u4e8e\u7a77\u4e3e\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u8d2a\u5a6a\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/tangshusen.me\/Dive-into-DL-PyTorch\/img\/chapter10\/10.10_beam_search.svg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0d\u5b9a\u957f\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u8d2a\u5a6a\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u7a77\u4e3e\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u675f\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/li><li>\u675f\u641c\u7d22\u901a\u8fc7\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u675f\u5bbd\u6765\u6743\u8861\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u548c\u641c\u7d22\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2> \u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>       \u5728\u666e\u901a\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u4e8e Decoding \u9636\u6bb5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u89e3\u7801\u80fd\u591f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e0e\u4e4b\u66f4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0cDecoding \u5f80\u5f80\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6574\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u6709\u6240\u4fa7\u91cd\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0cBengio \u56e2\u961f\u7684 Bahdanau \u5728 2014\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u5728\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236 (Attention Mechanism)\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u901a\u8fc7\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6c47\u805a\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\uff08\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u63d0\u793a\uff09\u548c\u952e\uff08\u975e\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u63d0\u793a\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u503c\uff08\u611f\u5b98\u8f93\u5165\uff09\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u503e\u5411<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u52a8\u673a Motivation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>    \u4ee5\u82f1\u8bed-\u6cd5\u8bed\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u5bf9\u82f1\u8bed\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217 \u201cThey\u201d\u3001\u201care\u201d\u3001\u201cwatching\u201d\u3001\u201c.\u201d \u548c\u6cd5\u8bed\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217 \u201cIls\u201d\u3001\u201cregardent\u201d\u3001\u201c.\u201d\u3002\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6b651\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u96c6\u4e2d\u7f16\u7801\u4e86 \u201cThey\u201d\u3001\u201care\u201d \u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u751f\u6210 \u201cIls\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u6b652\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u96c6\u4e2d\u7f16\u7801\u4e86 \u201cwatching\u201d \u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u751f\u6210\u201cregardent\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u6b653\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u96c6\u4e2d\u7f16\u7801\u4e86 \u201c.\u201d \u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u751f\u6210 \u201c.\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u5728\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7531\u6765\u3002\u5b83\u6700\u65e9\u7531 Bahanau \u7b49\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>       \u4ecd\u7136\u4ee5\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u6240\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u505a\u52a0\u6743\u5e73\u5747\u6765\u5f97\u5230\u80cc\u666f\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u8c03\u6574\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5373\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u5206\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206\u5e76\u7f16\u7801\u8fdb\u76f8\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u8ba1\u7b97\u80cc\u666f\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u5982\u4f55\u4e3a\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u6b652\u8ba1\u7b97\u80cc\u666f\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u51fd\u6570<em>a<\/em>\u6839\u636e\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u6b651\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u8ba1\u7b97softmax\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3002softmax\u8fd0\u7b97\u8f93\u51fa\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u5e76\u5bf9\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5404\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u505a\u52a0\u6743\u5e73\u5747\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u80cc\u666f\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-default\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/tangshusen.me\/Dive-into-DL-PyTorch\/img\/chapter10\/10.11_attention.svg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>       \u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u8868\u5f81\u4e2d\u8f83\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5206\u914d\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u81ea\u63d0\u51fa\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u542f\u53d1\u4e86\u4f9d\u9760\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u6765\u7f16\u7801\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u5e76\u89e3\u7801\u51fa\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u53d8\u6362\u5668\uff08Transformer\uff09\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1 [2]\u3002\u53d8\u6362\u5668\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u4e0a\u6bd4\u57fa\u4e8e\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u2014\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u5177\u660e\u663e\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u542b\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u53d8\u6362\u5668\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u540e\u6765\u7684BERT\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5f97\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u5e76\u4ee4\u540e\u8005\u5927\u653e\u5f02\u5f69\uff1a\u5fae\u8c03\u540e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u591a\u8fbe11\u9879\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u7ed3\u679c [3]\u3002\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u53d8\u6362\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684GPT-2\u6a21\u578b\u4e8e\u65b0\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u8bed\u6599\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u540e\uff0c\u57287\u4e2a\u672a\u53c2\u4e0e\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u5747\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u7ed3\u679c [4]\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u8fd8\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u56fe\u50cf\u63cf\u8ff0\u3001\u5507\u8bed\u89e3\u8bfb\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2> \u8bc4\u4ef7\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bc4\u4ef7\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528BLEU\uff08Bilingual Evaluation Understudy\uff09[1]\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u5b50\u5e8f\u5217\uff0cBLEU\u8003\u5bdf\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b50\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6807\u7b7e\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u603b\u7ed3 Conclusions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b\u5e26\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>Encoder \u603b\u7ed3\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u53d8\u91cf&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=%5Cboldsymbol%7Bc%7D\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\"><\/li><li>Decoder \u5c06\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u53d8\u91cf&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=%5Cboldsymbol%7Bc%7D\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u89e3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217<\/li><li>\u8bbe\u8ba1&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=g\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u51fd\u6570<\/li><li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=%5Cboldsymbol%7Bs%7D_%7Bt%5E%5Cprime%7D\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\"><\/li><li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u8f93\u51fa\u6982\u7387&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=%5Cmathbb%7BP%7D%28y_%7Bt%5E%5Cprime%7D%29\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\"><\/li><li>\u5f97\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u8054\u5408\u6982\u7387&nbsp;<img src=\"https:\/\/www.zhihu.com\/equation?tex=%5Cmathbb%7BP%7D%28y_1%2C+%5Cldots%2C+y_%7BT%27%7D%29\" alt=\"[\u516c\u5f0f]\">&nbsp;\u5e76\u6700\u5927\u5316<\/li><li>\u6839\u636e MLE\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u8054\u5408\u6982\u7387\u7684\u8d1f\u5bf9\u6570<\/li><li>\u5f97\u5230 loss function<\/li><li>\u7528\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u964d\u4f4e loss\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570<\/li><li>\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u7ed9\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u6a21\u578b\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u5b9a\u957f\u5e8f\u5217\u65f6\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u2014\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff08encoder-decoder\uff09 \u6216 &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2021\/12\/17\/seq2seq\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u2014\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff08seq2seq\uff09<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/326"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=326"}],"version-history":[{"count":33,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/326\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":682,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/326\/revisions\/682"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=326"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=326"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=326"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}