{"id":6808,"date":"2022-08-31T09:44:41","date_gmt":"2022-08-31T01:44:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/?p=6808"},"modified":"2022-08-31T09:44:43","modified_gmt":"2022-08-31T01:44:43","slug":"data-cleaning-and-data-augmentation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2022\/08\/31\/data-cleaning-and-data-augmentation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5173\u4e8eNLP\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-light-pink-background-color has-background\">   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<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u662f\u6307\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u7ea0\u6b63\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u9053\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u65e0\u6548\u503c\u548c\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u7b49\u3002\u4e0e\u95ee\u5377\u5ba1\u6838\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5f55\u5165\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u7406\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u7531\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u4ece\u540d\u5b57\u4e0a\u4e5f\u770b\u7684\u51fa\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u201c\u810f\u201d\u7684\u201c\u6d17\u6389\u201d\uff0c\u6307\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u7ea0\u6b63\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u9053\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u65e0\u6548\u503c\u548c\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u9762\u5411\u67d0\u4e00\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u4e1a\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u62bd\u53d6\u800c\u6765\u800c\u4e14\u5305\u542b\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u4e86\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u6570\u636e\u3001\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6216\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6570\u636e\u663e\u7136\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u60f3\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u810f\u6570\u636e\u201d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u628a\u201c\u810f\u6570\u636e\u201d\u201c\u6d17\u6389\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6e05\u6d17\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002 \u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6216\u5220\u9664\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u521d\u662f\u7531\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u6216\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\u7684\u635f\u574f\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u4e0d\u540c<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8\">\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u5178<\/a>\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002 \u6570\u636e\u6e05\u7406\u4e0e<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%A1%AE%E8%AE%A4\">\u6570\u636e\u786e\u8ba4<\/a>(data validation)\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/zh.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%A1%AE%E8%AE%A4\">\u6570\u636e\u786e\u8ba4<\/a>\u51e0\u4e4e\u603b\u662f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6570\u636e\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u65f6\u88ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u65f6\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6267\u884c\u4e8e\u6279\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u66f4\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u52a0\u5f3a\u6765\u81ea\u5404\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u8f6f\u4ef6\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u66f4\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u5168\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u6574\u5408\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u4e2d\u6587\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5206\u8bcd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u7ed3\u5df4\u5206\u8bcd\u3001HanNLP\u3001\u5228\u4e01\u89e3\u725b\u7b49\u5206\u8bcd\u5de5\u5177;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff08Normalization\uff09\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u628a\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u5199\u8f6c\u6210\u5c0f\u5199\uff0c\u6e05\u9664\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u53e5\u53f7\u3001\u95ee\u53f7\u3001\u611f\u53f9\u53f7\u7b49\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u5c0f\u5199\u8f6c\u6362\u548c\u6807\u70b9\u79fb\u9664\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u672c Normalization \u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53bb\u9664\u4e00\u4e9b\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u3002\u800c<strong>\u505c\u7528\u8bcd<\/strong>\u662f\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u9891\u7684<strong>\u4ee3\u8bcd\u3001\u8fde\u8bcd\u3001\u4ecb\u8bcd<\/strong>\u7b49\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b<strong>\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8bcd<\/strong>\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u8868<\/strong>\uff0c\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u505c\u7528\u8868\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7279\u5f81\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u53c2\u8003Hanlp\u7684\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u8868<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/hankcs\/HanLP\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/github.com\/hankcs\/HanLP<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09Tokenization\uff0cToken \u662f\u201c\u7b26\u53f7\u201d\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6307\u5177\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u5206\u62c6\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\u5728\u82f1\u6587\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\uff0cTokens \u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cTokenization \u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u5206\u62c6\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8bcd\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528NLTK\u5de5\u5177\u7bb1\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u76f8\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff084\uff09Stop Word \u662f\u65e0\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 \u2018is\u2019\/\u2018our\u2019\/\u2018the\u2019\/\u2018in\u2019\/\u2018at\u2019 \u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ed9\u53e5\u5b50\u589e\u52a0\u592a\u591a\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5355\u505c\u6b62\u8bcd\u662f\u9891\u7387\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684\u8bcd\u3002 \u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c11\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u540e\u7eed\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u9664\u505c\u6b62\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff085\uff09Part-of-Speech Tagging\uff1a\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u8bcd\u6027\u5417\uff1f\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u4ee3\u8bcd\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u3001\u526f\u8bcd\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8bc6\u522b\u8bcd\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u9014\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u53e5\u5b50\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u6807\u6ce8\u8bcd\u6027\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e76\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u4ea4\u53c9\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0cNLTK \u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4fbf\u5229\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8bcd\u4f20\u5165 PoS tag \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5e76\u6ce8\u660e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bcd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff086\uff09Named Entity \u4e00\u822c\u662f\u540d\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u53c8\u6765\u6307\u4ee3\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u4eba\u3001\u6216\u5730\u70b9 \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 ne_chunk()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6807\u6ce8\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u8fdb\u884c Tokenization \u5e76\u8fdb\u884c PoS Tagging\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff087\uff09Stemming and Lemmatization\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7b80\u5316\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8bcd\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u53d8\u5f62\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u3002Stemming \u63d0\u53d6\u662f\u5c06\u8bcd\u8fd8\u539f\u6210\u8bcd\u5e72\u6216\u8bcd\u6839\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff088\uff09\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bcd\u5728\u53e5\u9996\u53e5\u5c3e\u53e5\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6982\u7387\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1N-GRAM\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8981\u5728\u53e5\u9996\u52a0\u4e0aBOS\uff0c\u53e5\u5c3e\u52a0\u4e0aEOS\u4f5c\u6807\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff089\uff09\u628a\u957f\u6587\u672c\u5206\u6210\u53e5\u5b50\u548c\u5355\u8bcd\u8fd9\u4e9bfine granularity\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff0810\uff09 \u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2adictionary\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728dictionary\u4ee5\u5185\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u5c31\u7528UNK\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff0811\uff09\u5355\u8bcd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8f6c\u6210\u6570\u5b57\uff08\u5b83\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684index\uff0c\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u822c0\u5c31\u662fUNK\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff0812\uff09\u505a\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u628a\u5355\u8bcd\u8f6c\u6210subword units\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5757\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/sharejing\/Takin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A Python toolkit for file processing, text cleaning and data splitting. \u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5212\u5206\u7684python\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u3002<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/mosu027\/nlp-utils-ch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>    \u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cNLP\u4e2d\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7f55\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u5c06\u56fe\u50cf\u65cb\u8f6c\u6216\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7070\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u8bed\u4e49\u3002\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0d\u53d8\u53d8\u6362\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4f7f\u589e\u5f3a\u6210\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4>1. \u8bcd\u6c47\u66ff\u6362<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u53bb\u66ff\u6362\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u53e5\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1.1 \u57fa\u4e8e\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u5178\u7684\u66ff\u6362<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u53d6\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u7684&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/wordnet.princeton.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\">WordNet<\/a>&nbsp;\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\u3002<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/wordnet.princeton.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\">WordNet<\/a>&nbsp;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5de5\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5355\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1509.01626\" target=\"_blank\">Zhang<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u57282015\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u6587 &#8220;Character-level Convolutional Networks for Text Classification&#8221; \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aaai.org\/ocs\/index.php\/AAAI\/AAAI16\/paper\/download\/12195\/12023\" target=\"_blank\">Mueller<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u989d\u5916\u7684 10K \u6761\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u88ab&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1901.11196\" target=\"_blank\">Wei<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684 &#8220;Easy Data Augmentation&#8221; \u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\uff0cNLTK \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9 WordNet \u7684<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nltk.org\/howto\/wordnet.html\" target=\"_blank\">\u63a5\u53e3<\/a>\uff1b\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/textblob.readthedocs.io\/en\/dev\/quickstart.html#wordnet-integration\" target=\"_blank\">TextBlob API<\/a>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/paraphrase.org\/#\/download\" target=\"_blank\">PPDB<\/a>&nbsp;\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u6761\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u5178\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7a0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8f7d\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1.2 \u57fa\u4e8e Word-Embeddings \u7684\u66ff\u6362<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u9884\u5148\u8bad\u7ec3\u597d\u7684\u8bcd\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5982 Word2Vec\u3001GloVe\u3001FastText\uff0c\u7528\u5411\u91cf\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u8ddd\u79bb\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u66ff\u6362\u539f\u59cb\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u3002<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1909.10351\" target=\"_blank\">Jiao<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bba\u6587 &#8220;TinyBert&#8221; \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u8fdb\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u6027\uff1b<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aclweb.org\/anthology\/D15-1306.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Wang<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u5bf9 tweet \u8bed\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u4e3b\u9898\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e09\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u8ddd\u79bb\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u66ff\u6362\u539f\u59cb\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u539f\u59cb\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u50cf Gensim \u5305\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5728 Tweet \u8bed\u6599\u4e0a\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u8bcd\u5411\u91cf\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5355\u8bcd &#8220;awesome&#8221; \u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"443\" height=\"92\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-475.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6846\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-475.png 443w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-475-300x62.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 443px) 100vw, 443px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1.3 \u57fa\u4e8e Masked Language Model \u7684\u66ff\u6362<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u50cf BERT\u3001ROBERTA \u548c ALBERT \u8fd9\u6837\u57fa\u4e8e Transformer \u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u7528 &#8220;Masked Language Modeling&#8221; \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u6a21\u578b\u8981\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u88ab Mask \u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6587\u672c\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Masked Language Modeling \u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u505a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u5148\u8bad\u7ec3\u597d\u7684 BERT \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c Mask\uff0c\u8ba9 BERT \u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u88ab Mask \u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53eb Mask Predictions\u3002\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0a\u66f4\u52a0\u901a\u987a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u4f7f\u7528 HuggingFace \u7684 transfomers \u5e93\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8981\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u9884\u6d4b\u6765\u505a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"370\" height=\"337\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-477.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6850\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-477.png 370w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-477-300x273.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"661\" height=\"188\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-476.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6849\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-476.png 661w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-476-300x85.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 661px) 100vw, 661px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1.4 \u57fa\u4e8e TF-IDF \u7684\u66ff\u6362<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1904.12848\" target=\"_blank\">Xie<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u5728 &#8220;Unsupervised Data Augmentation&#8221; \u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f\uff0c<strong>TF-IDF \u5206\u6570\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u771f\u503c\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u66ff\u6362\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"407\" height=\"179\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-478.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6851\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-478.png 407w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-478-300x132.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 407px) 100vw, 407px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u5982\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u5355\u8bcd\u7684 TF-IDF \u5206\u6570\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4f5c\u8005\u516c\u5f00\u7684<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/google-research\/uda\/blob\/master\/text\/augmentation\/word_level_augment.py\" target=\"_blank\">\u4ee3\u7801<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>2. Back Translation\uff08\u56de\u8bd1\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u590d\u8ff0\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u6bb5\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1904.12848\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Xie<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6269\u5145\u672a\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u5728 IMDB \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 20 \u6761\u6807\u6ce8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bad\u7ec3\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u534a\u76d1\u7763\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4f18\u4e8e\u4e4b\u524d\u5728 25000 \u6761\u6807\u6ce8\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u8bad\u7ec3\u5f97\u5230\u7684 SOTA \u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6765\u56de\u8bd1\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>\u627e\u4e00\u4e9b\u53e5\u5b50(\u5982\u82f1\u8bed)\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5982\u6cd5\u8bed<\/li><li>\u628a\u6cd5\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50<\/li><li>\u68c0\u67e5\u65b0\u53e5\u5b50\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u539f\u6765\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u53e5\u5b50\u4f5c\u4e3a\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8865\u5145\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"599\" height=\"358\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-479.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6853\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-479.png 599w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-479-300x179.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u56de\u8bd1\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6587\u672c\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5c06\u5176\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4e09\u79cd\u76ee\u6807\u8bed\u8a00:\u6cd5\u8bed\u3001\u6c49\u8bed\u548c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"721\" height=\"327\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-480.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6854\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-480.png 721w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-480-300x136.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 721px) 100vw, 721px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5728 Kaggle \u4e0a\u7684 &#8220;Toxic Comment Classification Challenge&#8221; \u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaggle.com\/c\/jigsaw-toxic-comment-classification-challenge\/discussion\/52557\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u540d\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/a>\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u83b7\u80dc\u8005\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u6269\u5145\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5bf9\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6982\u7387\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u4e09\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00(\u6cd5\u8bed\u3001\u5fb7\u8bed\u3001\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u8bed)\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fdb\u884c\u5e73\u5747\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u56de\u8bd1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 TextBlob \u6216\u8005\u8c37\u6b4c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>3. Text Surface Transformation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u53d8\u6362\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1812.04718\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Claude Coulombe<\/a>&nbsp;\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u6362\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u52a8\u8bcd\u7531\u7f29\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u975e\u7f29\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u505a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"664\" height=\"160\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-481.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6857\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-481.png 664w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-481-300x72.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 664px) 100vw, 664px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u53e5\u5b50\u539f\u672c\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u5728\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u68f1\u4e24\u53ef\u7684\u52a8\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"708\" height=\"235\" src=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-482.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6859\" srcset=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-482.png 708w, http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/image-482-300x100.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 708px) 100vw, 708px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u5141\u8bb8\u6a21\u7cca\u6536\u7f29 (\u975e\u7f29\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f\u8f6c\u7f29\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f)\uff0c\u4f46\u8df3\u8fc7\u6a21\u7cca\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 (\u7f29\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f\u8f6c\u975e\u7f29\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/v2-3da859a135e285307989f8a6319cb1cb_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u627e\u5230\u82f1\u8bed\u7f29\u5199\u7684<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia%3aList_of_English_contractions\" target=\"_blank\">\u5217\u8868<\/a>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u4e2d\u7684&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kootenpv\/contractions\" target=\"_blank\">contractions \u5e93<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3>4. Random Noise Injection<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5728\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u6ce8\u5165\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u6765\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u5f97\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u6270\u52a8\u5177\u6709\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.1 Spelling error injection<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u968f\u673a\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u62fc\u5199\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7a0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u89c1\u62fc\u5199\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62fc\u5199\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u8fd9\u4e2a<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/makcedward\/nlpaug\/blob\/master\/model\/spelling_en.txt\" target=\"_blank\">\u94fe\u63a5<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.2 QWERTY Keyboard Error Injection<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bd5\u56fe\u6a21\u62df\u5728 QWERTY \u952e\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40\u4e0a\u6253\u5b57\u65f6\u7531\u4e8e\u952e\u4e4b\u95f4\u975e\u5e38\u63a5\u8fd1\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.3 Unigram Noising<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1703.02573\" target=\"_blank\">Xie<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u548c&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1904.12848\" target=\"_blank\">UDA<\/a>&nbsp;\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4ece unigram \u9891\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u4e2d\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\u3002<strong>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9891\u7387\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bed\u6599\u5e93\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-1170459d3978f990dde580f23aeca081_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.4 Blank Noising<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7531&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1703.02573\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Xie<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u7528\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26\u6807\u8bb0\u66ff\u6362\u4e00\u4e9b\u968f\u673a\u5355\u8bcd\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4f7f\u7528 &#8220;_&#8221; \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u907f\u514d\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e0a\u8fc7\u5ea6\u62df\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u5e73\u6ed1\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u6210\u6587\u672c\u7684 Perplexity \u548c BLEU \u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.5 Sentence Shuffling<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u521d\u7ea7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8bad\u7ec3\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u6253\u4e71\uff0c\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u6837\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic3.zhimg.com\/v2-4b8c9bc3d616d4faef66859ac942e636_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>Sentence Shuffling \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.6 Random Insertion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u7531&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1901.11196\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wei<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u5176\u8bba\u6587 &#8220;Easy Data Augmentation&#8221; \u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u662f\u505c\u6b62\u8bcd\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u5b83\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\uff08\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83 Naive\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/v2-07e91e2ad12265da5ab6e5271c99f043_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.7 Random Swap<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u7531&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1901.11196\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wei<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u5176\u8bba\u6587 &#8220;Easy Data Augmentation&#8221; \u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u4ea4\u6362\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-6f36ba1a0757ca2ab837b7c5b1b082ac_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.8 Random Deletion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u7531&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1901.11196\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wei<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u5176\u8bba\u6587 &#8220;Easy Data Augmentation&#8221; \u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u6982\u7387 p \u968f\u673a\u5220\u9664\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-1882dba089891493b3bcec075e9a1f48_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2>5. Instance Crossover Augmentation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7531&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1909.11241\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Luque<\/a>&nbsp;\u5728\u4ed6 TASS 2019 \u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u7075\u611f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u4ea4\u53c9\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u6761 tweet \u88ab\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u534a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u60c5\u7eea\u7c7b\u522b\uff08\u6b63\/\u8d1f\uff09\u7684 tweets \u5404\u81ea\u4ea4\u6362\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7ed3\u679c\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5065\u5168\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u672c\u4ecd\u5c06\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6765\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u7c7b\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic3.zhimg.com\/v2-a9c2e2a6312326cb42723857e8b2815a_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>Instance Crossover \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2d\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728 F1-score \u4e0a\u8fd8\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u5347\uff0c<strong>\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u5728\u7f55\u89c1\u7c7b\u522b\u4e0a\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 tweet \u4e2d\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u4e2d\u7acb\u7c7b\u522b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/v2-9e7d96ba4333f2b7c55016bfb990b9fb_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2>6. Syntax-tree Manipulation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6700\u5148\u662f\u7531&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1812.04718\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Coulombe<\/a>&nbsp;\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u89e3\u6790\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u539f\u59cb\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6811\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u6765\u5bf9\u539f\u53e5\u5b50\u505a\u590d\u8ff0\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u53e5\u5b50\u610f\u601d\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u662f\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u548c\u88ab\u52a8\u8bed\u6001\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-f749228f683992c4124cb0a34e1a0c1d_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3>7. MixUp for Text<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Mixup \u662f&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1710.09412\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Zhang<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u5728 2017 \u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u6709\u6548\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5176\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u56fe\u50cf\u6309\u4e00\u5b9a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u7528\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u5408\u6210\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5408\u5e76\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u50cf\u7d20\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6b63\u5219\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-ecb607875e23bf57a96daa66ad206229_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u5e26\u5230 NLP \u4e2d\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1905.08941\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Guo<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u4fee\u6539\u4e86 Mixup \u6765\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u5c06 Mixup \u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7.1 wordMixup<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6279\u4e2d\u53d6\u4e24\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u586b\u5145\u6210\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff1b\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684 word embeddings \u6309\u4e00\u5b9a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684 word embeddings \u7136\u540e\u4f20\u9012\u4e0b\u6e38\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ea4\u53c9\u71b5\u635f\u5931\u662f\u6839\u636e\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u6309\u4e00\u5b9a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/v2-4e2c70468fe2f9cc2cb483b89a3e5347_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7.2 sentMixup<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u9996\u5148\u4e5f\u662f\u88ab\u586b\u5145\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff1b\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 LSTM\/CNN \u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4f20\u9012\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684 word embeddings\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u6700\u540e\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u4f5c\u4e3a sentence embedding\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b embeddings \u6309\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u5c42\u3002\u4ea4\u53c9\u71b5\u635f\u5931\u662f\u6839\u636e\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u6309\u4e00\u5b9a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-2916576349435563d9e0eb473aec4f48_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3>8. \u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u751f\u6210\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u59cb\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Conditional Pre-trained Language Models<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u7531 Anaby-Tavor \u7b49\u4eba\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bba\u6587&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1911.03118\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&#8220;Not Enough Data? Deep Learning to the Rescue!&#8221;<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2003.02245\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Kumar<\/a>&nbsp;\u7b49\u4eba\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e Transformer \u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u9884\u5148\u52a0\u5165\u7c7b\u522b\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/v2-3daf72343a32f5e133f148f0313c193f_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u7c7b\u522b\u6807\u7b7e<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>2. \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u4e0a finetune \u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u578b\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b (BERT\/GPT2\/BART) \u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e GPT2\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u53bb\u505a\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff1b\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e BERT\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8981\u53bb\u9884\u6d4b\u88ab Mask \u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic1.zhimg.com\/v2-b6718a511a2cf5242137a883569ca618_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>3. \u4f7f\u7528\u7ecf\u8fc7 finetune \u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u51e0\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u5355\u8bcd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd\u6765\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4f7f\u7528\u6bcf\u6761\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u7684\u524d 3 \u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u8bcd\u6765\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u505a\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-c8db0e8ac3a4fc5191d52dedbc469179_r.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2>9. \u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>nlpaug \u548c textattack \u7b49\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9 Python \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u7684 API\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684 NLP \u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-light-pink-background-color has-background\">1\u3001 NLP Chinese Data Augmentation \u4e00\u952e\u4e2d\u6587\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u5de5\u5177: <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/425776024\/nlpcda\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/github.com\/425776024\/nlpcda<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<code>pip install nlpcda<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4>\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u952e\u4e2d\u6587\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u652f\u6301\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/425776024\/nlpcda#1%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E7%AD%89%E4%BB%B7%E5%AE%9E%E4%BD%93%E6%9B%BF%E6%8D%A2\">1.\u968f\u673a\u5b9e\u4f53\u66ff\u6362<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/425776024\/nlpcda#2%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E5%90%8C%E4%B9%89%E8%AF%8D%E6%9B%BF%E6%8D%A2\">2.\u8fd1\u4e49\u8bcd<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/425776024\/nlpcda#3%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E8%BF%91%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%97%E6%9B%BF%E6%8D%A2\">3.\u8fd1\u4e49\u8fd1\u97f3\u5b57\u66ff\u6362<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/425776024\/nlpcda#4%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E5%AD%97%E5%88%A0%E9%99%A4\">4.\u968f\u673a\u5b57\u5220\u9664\uff08\u5185\u90e8\u7ec6\u8282\uff1a\u6570\u5b57\u65f6\u95f4\u65e5\u671f\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5220\uff09<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/425776024\/nlpcda#5ner%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E5%AE%9E%E4%BD%93-%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%A2%9E%E5%BC%BA\">5.NER\u7c7b&nbsp;<code>BIO<\/code>&nbsp;\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/425776024\/nlpcda#6%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E7%BD%AE%E6%8D%A2%E9%82%BB%E8%BF%91%E7%9A%84%E5%AD%97\">6.\u968f\u673a\u7f6e\u6362\u90bb\u8fd1\u7684\u5b57\uff1a<strong>\u7814\u8868\u7a76\u660e\uff0c\u6c49\u5b57\u5e8f\u987a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4e00\u5f71\u54cd\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u7406\u89e3<\/strong>&lt;&lt;\u662f\u4e71\u5e8f\u7684<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/425776024\/nlpcda#7%E7%AD%89%E4%BB%B7%E5%AD%97%E6%9B%BF%E6%8D%A2\">7.\u4e2d\u6587\u7b49\u4ef7\u5b57\u66ff\u6362\uff081 \u4e00 \u58f9 \u2460\uff0c2 \u4e8c \u8d30 \u2461\uff09<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/425776024\/nlpcda#8%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E4%BA%92%E8%BD%AC%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E7%9A%84%E5%A2%9E%E5%BC%BA\">8.\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e92\u8f6c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u589e\u5f3a<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/425776024\/nlpcda#9simbert\">9.\u4f7f\u7528<code>simbert<\/code>\u505a\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u76f8\u4f3c\u53e5\u751f\u6210<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-light-pink-background-color has-background\"> 2\u3001 <em>TextAttack<\/em>&nbsp;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u884c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684Python \u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u65b9\u4fbf\u5feb\u6377\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6297\u653b\u51fb\uff0c<em>\u589e\u5f3a\u6570\u636e<\/em>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u3002h<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/QData\/TextAttack\/blob\/master\/README_ZH.md\" target=\"_blank\">ttps:\/\/github.com\/QData\/TextAttack\/blob\/master\/README_ZH.md<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u6863\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/textattack.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/0_get_started\/basic-Intro.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/textattack.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/0_get_started\/basic-Intro.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3\u3001<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/zhanlaoban\/eda_nlp_for_Chinese\" target=\"_blank\">\u4e2d\u6587\u8bed\u6599\u7684EDA\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u5de5\u5177<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4\u3001<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/LiangsLi\/ChineseHomophones\" target=\"_blank\">\u4e2d\u6587\u8c10\u97f3\u8bcd\/\u5b57\u5e93<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>10. \u7ed3\u8bba<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u9605\u8bfb\u8bb8\u591a NLP \u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e5f\u53ea\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u573a\u666f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c1\u5f97\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e14\u5206\u6790\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u672a\u6765\u5c06\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u53c2\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2aNLP\u5173\u4e8e\u533b\u5b66\u7535\u5b50\u75c5\u5386\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u591a\u6807\u7b7e\u5206\u7c7b\u6bd4\u8d5b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u524d\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c11\u53bb\u505aNLP\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u53c2\u8d5b\u7eaf\u7cb9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e86\u89e3 &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/2022\/08\/31\/data-cleaning-and-data-augmentation\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u5173\u4e8eNLP\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6808"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6808"}],"version-history":[{"count":43,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6808\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6877,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6808\/revisions\/6877"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6808"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6808"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/139.9.1.231\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6808"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}